Determining The Health of a Stream/River

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
Water Quality Indicators
Advertisements

Using Water Wisely Beth Roland Eighth Grade Science Team 5 Mountaineers.
pH TURBIDITY Water Quality Factors TEMPERATURE DISSOLVED OXYGEN (DO)
- Environment - Climate - Landscape - Land use - Local Population (animals and humans) Depends on…
Water Testing!.
Joe’s Bayou Repeated Observation. So……... What are we measuring? Water Quality Parameters (measureable physical properties that determine the health of.
Probes/kits used in testing the water quality 2014 Group 4 Project.
Water Quality Tests.
Water Monitoring Lab. Why Test Water Quality? Water testing allows scientists and citizens to have a full understanding of what is affecting their stream.
Water Chemistry Testing. We have been investigating the “health” of the Ramsey Brook in the following ways: Mapping Imperviousness Surveying Macroinvertebrates.
Monitoring Water Quality. Water Test  1. Salinity- Measures amount of dissolved salt in water  Needs to stay fairly constant.
STREAM ECOLOGY By Maggie Bell-McKinnon, biologist Washington Department of Ecology
Water Monitoring. What/Why? Water testing Identifying water content Allows scientists to have a full understanding of what is affecting their stream or.
Water Quality.
Turbidity and Water. Turbidity is a measure of water clarity, how much the material suspended in water decreases the passage of light through the water.
ABIOTIC. The pH of a stream or lake depends on the kinds of rocks and soil that water contacts. Proper pH is an important life requirement for all aquatic.
Part II: Water Quality Water quality refers to the condition of the water: Is it clean or is it polluted?
Water Quality. Indicators of Water Quality 1) Nitrates a) Eutrophication b) Algae Blooms 2) pH 3) Turbidity 4) Temperature 5) Dissolved Oxygen 6) Bioindicators.
Water Quality Testing SVN3E.
Basics Water quality – measurements and standards for safe drinking water and water that is conducive with a healthy ecosystem, Affects the number and.
W ATER Q UALITY T ESTS What do they all mean?. Dissolved Oxygen - DO Measure of how much oxygen is available Heavily influenced by temperature – Cold.
Water Quality ESI Stream Water Mass after collecting by filtration Evaporate water after filtering, determine mass of residue TDS by conductivity since.
Bellwork: 09/05/2012 1)Change 10 to 25% of the water within your tank. 2)If you are not helping your group change water, you need to be finishing the fish.
Water Chemistry Project In order to evaluate water changes, we need access to reliable information on current and past conditions. If changes are already.
Healthy Rivers Water Chemistry Dissolved Oxygen Why is Dissolved Oxygen (DO) Important? Why is Dissolved Oxygen (DO) Important? Aquatic organisms need.
Starter: If you had to create a hypothesis to test your water at home, would you say it is hard or soft and why?
Chemical Water Testing
Water Quality Index Announcements n HOURS due Monday! n Still an opening for Science Night.
TEMPERATURE DISSOLVED OXYGEN (DO) OXYGEN (DO) pH NITROGEN PHOSPHATES TURBIDITY BIO- INDICATORS Water Quality Factors.
W ATER Q UALITY. Water quality is a term used to describe the chemical, physical, and biological characteristics of water. Factors that affect water quality.
Four Types of Pollutants
Water Quality Factors 2014 SCIENCE CLASS.
Healthy Rivers Water Chemistry Dissolved Oxygen oxygen gas dissolved in liquid water. Why is Dissolved Oxygen (DO) Important? Why is Dissolved Oxygen.
2 pt 3 pt 4 pt 5pt 1 pt 2 pt 3 pt 4 pt 5 pt 1 pt 2pt 3 pt 4pt 5 pt 1pt 2pt 3 pt 4 pt 5 pt 1 pt 2 pt 3 pt 4pt 5 pt 1pt pH NitratesTemperatureTurbidity Dissolved.
Water Chemistry. Water quality of ecosystems is dependent on chemical, physical, and biological factors. When substances in water are harmful to the organisms.
Water Quality Testing. Testing of water is used to determine if water needs to be cleaned up.
TEMPERATURE DISSOLVED OXYGEN (DO) OXYGEN (DO) pH NITROGEN PHOSPHATES TURBIDITY BIO- INDICATORS Water Quality Factors.
There are several different physical parameters, or measurable factors, that affect water quality. The first is temperature. In general, the cooler the.
NCSCOS 3.0 Science 8.  What factors indicate the QUALITY of Water?  How do we know if the water in lakes, ponds, streams, etc., is healthy or not? 
Water Chemistry. In your notes… What 3 factors play a role in determining the health of an ecosystem? What 3 factors play a role in determining the health.
Rush Creek 2012 EmmaBeccaCassidy Feat. Guido Temperature The purpose of the temperature test was to check the temperature of the river to make sure the.
All Sewers Lead to the Ocean Exploring and Measuring Stormwater Quality SciREN Coast February 12, 2015 Kellen Lauer and Kathleen Onorevole.
Monitoring Water Quality for ecosystem health. Why Monitor? Under the Clean Water Act, EPA asks VA to enforce laws improving the quality of our streams,
Unit 7 Hydrosphere Day 11 Focus: Water Quality Indicators Turn in late flash cards 9-19 and projects NOW! Warm-up – ½ sheet – Analyze the table.
Water Quality We all need clean water. What affects the water that we drink?
Indicators of Water Quality Unit 4 – Ch 6
WATER QUALITY.
Water Quality Rice Creek Watershed.
Adapted From Ms. Hasan Mr. Aguilar Uteach Step 2 Lesson 3, 2012
Determining The Health of a Stream/River
Water Quality.
Foldable - INSTRUCTIONS
Which Way to the Sea?.
5.2 Detection and Monitoring of Pollution
Water health & pollution
Why Should We Care About Streams?
2.1 Monitoring Water Quality
5.2 Detection and Monitoring of Pollution
Simplified Hydrologic (Water) Cycle
Water Pollution & Treatment
Eutrophication Nitrogen and Phosphorus are often limiting factors in plant growth. Therefore they are used in fertilizers to improve plant growth. However,
Water Pollution.
5.2 Detection and Monitoring of Pollution
Indicators of Water Quality
Water Quality.
Physical Variables of Water Health
Indicators of Water Quality
Indicators of Stream Health
Water Health The health of a water system is determined by the balance between physical, chemical, and biologic variables. When water is safe to drink,
Question: Why should we monitor the quality of our rivers, lakes and streams? Water Quality A measure of the physical, chemical and biological factors.
Presentation transcript:

Determining The Health of a Stream/River

Stream Discharge - is the total amount (volume) of water flowing in the stream. It is important to know how much water is flowing in a stream because it affects many things about a stream, for example: * Salmon need slower flowing areas of a stream to lay their eggs. * Other aquatic animals (like macroinvertebrates) and algae can’t live in a stream that has water moving too fast.

Stream Discharge – how to measure Stream discharge is measured by multiplying the area of the stream by its velocity. Stream discharge is measured in cubic feet per second (cfs). Visualize cutting a stream like I’m cutting this banana to understand what a cross-section is. You measure the area of a stream at a cross-section slice of the stream. cfs (cubic foot per second) – visualize a box 1 foot by 1 foot by 1 foot filled with water; that’s a cubic foot of water.

Water Quality Parameters Dissolved Oxygen Oxygen in the water comes from the air/ atmosphere and the aquatic plants (through photosynthesis). All plants (terrestrial and aquatic) make their food through the process of photosynthesis; one of the by-products of photosynthesis is oxygen.

Water Quality Parameters Dissolved Oxygen Aquatic organisms – plants and animals – need to breathe oxygen, just like people. Caddis fly larvae and aquatic plants on a stream bed.

Water Quality Parameters Dissolved Oxygen Dissolved oxygen levels change throughout the day based on water temperature and photosynthetic activity. The gold line is dissolved oxygen (DO). See how it forms a 24-hour cycle with the highest DO levels during the summer typically occurring during the late afternoon/ early evening. This is because the aquatic plants have been photosynthesizing all day putting oxygen into the water. After the sun goes down, the plants go into respiration where oxygen is taken from the water and CO2 is given off as a by-product. The graph shows a 24-hour clock; 21:00 equals 9pm

Water Quality Parameters Temperature Stream temperature controls how plants and animals live. Warm water contains less dissolved oxygen than cool water. Plants and animals have different ranges of temperatures that they prefer to live in. Some can only live in cool water while others can live either in warm or cool water.

Water Quality Parameters Temperature Young salmon need temperatures of around 9°Centigrade; adult salmon need water that’s 12°Centigrade. An easy way to calculate Fahrenheit from Centigrade is to double the Centigrade and add 30. For example, 9 degrees Centigrade is 9 X 2 plus 30 = 48 degrees Fahrenheit.

Water Quality Parameters pH A pH measurement tells us whether a stream is acidic or alkaline. pH values range from 0 to 14; values from 0 to 7 are considered acidic, 7 is neutral and above 7 is considered alkaline or basic. The pH of a stream is determined by what kind of rocks the stream flows over and sometimes by humans. In Washington, the pH of water on the west side of the mountains tends to be either neutral or slightly acidic. On the east side of the mountains, the water tends to be more basic or alkaline. This is because the rocks and geology is so different on the west side versus the east side. Human caused changes in pH can come from failing septic systems or stormwater or other types of pollution.

Water Quality Parameters Nutrients Nitrate is one of the nutrients which is used as food by plants . Nitrates can come from decomposing plants and animals, human sewage, fertilizers and stormwater run-off. Excessive amounts of nitrates can cause too much algae growth. This lowers the dissolved oxygen levels when the algae die and decompose. Nutrients are another name for food. Plants use oxygen in the decomposition process. Low oxygen levels are bad in a stream because it can cause fish and other animals to die.

Water Quality Parameters Turbidity Turbidity is a measurement of how clear or cloudy the water looks. Water becomes cloudy when it contains solid material. This solid material can be a combination of sediment, algae, aquatic animals - anything that can be suspended in the water. Turbidity can affect the ability of fish to live by clogging their gills. Turbidity is a measurement of the scattered light in a water sample (the light that bounces off of any solid material in the water sample).

Water Quality Parameters Bacteria Not all bacteria are harmful to humans but some are, like fecal coliform. These “bad” bacteria produce toxins which make people sick. It is important to protect humans from these harmful bacteria which could occur both in our drinking water as well as in the lakes and rivers where people play and have fun. Bad bacteria, like fecal coliform, come from the intestines of warm blooded animals and are spread to people by contact with the feces of dogs, birds, and other humans.

What can you do to help a stream? Collect data as part of a student monitoring team. Don’t litter! Educate other people about how important streams are to people and animals. Educate yourself about how streams work and what makes a stream healthy. Give a presentation to local officials (city and county officials) about the stream you monitor. These are the people who make decisions that affect the health of streams. If you have an on-site septic system at your house, make sure it is operating properly. Pick up your pet waste. Other ideas???