B5 –Homeostasis and Response: Nervous System and Reflex Action Define the term homeostasis: State the two systems involved in homeostasis: Use the diagram to explain how a nerve cell in adapted to its function: Describe the difference between a reflex action and a normal CNS response. State the components of the nervous system. Label the diagram to show a reflex arc Explain how signals are sent from a to E: Label the diagram and describe what happens at a synapse Name the 5 sensory receptors and what they respond to: Why are reflex actions important?

B5 – Homeostasis and Response: Endocrine System and Controlling Blood Glucose State what the endocrine system does. Give 3 differences between the nervous system and the endocrine system: 1) 2) 3) Describe what happens when our blood glucose is too high: Use they keywords: pancreas, insulin, glycogen Label the glands in the endocrine system. Describe why hormones are often described as chemical messengers: HIGHER TIER ONLY Describe what happens when our blood glucose is too low: Use they keywords: pancreas, glucagon, glycogen State what causes our blood sugar levels to rise. Where is excess glucose stored and in what form? Give examples of some of the hormones released by the pituitary gland.

B5 –Homeostasis and Response: – Diabetes, Negative feedback Name the 2 types of diabetes. HIGHER TIER ONLY Thyroid Gland State the hormone produced by the thyroid gland: State the function of this hormone: Explain how this hormone is involved in negative feedback: Describe what type 1 diabetes is: How is it treated? How can they use diet and exercise to manage their diabetes? Describe what type 2 diabetes is: How is it treated? How can they use diet and exercise to manage their diabetes? HIGHER TIER ONLY Adrenal Gland State the hormone produced by the adrenal gland: State the function of this hormone: HIGHER TIER - Explain the principles of negative feedback. Use control of glucose as an example.

B5 – Homeostasis and Response: The Eye (Biology Only) . Label the suspensory ligament and ciliary muscle Describe what happens in bright light to make the pupil smaller: Focusing on far objects: Ciliary muscles: Suspensory ligaments: Lens: Amount of refraction: Contact lenses: What do they do? Advantages: Laser eye surgery: How does it work? Risks: Replacement lens surgery: What does it treat? What does it involve? Describe what happens in dim light to make the pupil larger: Part Name Function B C D E F G H Focusing on near objects: Ciliary muscles: Suspensory ligaments: Lens: Amount of refraction:

B5 – Homeostasis and Response: The Eye cont… The Brain (Biology Only) Long-sighted: Scientific name: Problem: Where is the image brought into focus? Type of lens used to correct: The Brain Describe the function of each part: Cerebral Cortex Medulla Cerebellum Short-sighted: Scientific name: Problem: Where is the image brought into focus: Type of lens used to correct:

B5 – Homeostasis and Response: The Kidneys (Biology Only) State the 2 main functions of the kidneys: 1) 2) Filtering the blood in the kidneys involves the following 2 processes: 1) 2) ADH Which organ monitors blood water levels? Which gland produces ADH? When is ADH produced? Does it cause more or less water to be reabsorbed? How does this affect urine volume and concentration? What is urea and how is it formed? Where is urea made? Filtration The following 4 substances are filtered out of the blood: The following 2 substances remain in the blood: Dialysis Explain why a dialysis machine contains a partially permeable membrane: Explain why dialysis fluid contains no urea: How much glucose and ions would be in dialysis fluid? Explain why this is: Water/ Ion Balance State how water and ions are taken into the body: State 3 ways in which water is lost from the body: Explain why water/ ion balance is important: Selective reabsorption How much glucose is reabsorbed? % How much urea is reabsorbed? % What will affect how much water and ions are reabsorbed?

B5 – Homeostasis and Response: Kidney Failure and Temperature Control (Biology Only) Dialysis Give 2 advantages of dialysis: 1) 2) Give 3 disadvantages of dialysis: 3) Too Hot Too Cold Explain how sweating cools us down: Use the keywords evaporation and heat energy. Explain how hairs standing on end help to keep us warm: Use the keyword: insulation Explain how shivering helps to warm us up: Use the keywords: muscles, contract, relax, respiration, heat energy Define the term vasodilation: Explain how vasodilation helps to cool us down: 1) 2) 3) Kidney Transplant: Give 2 advantages of kidney transplants: 1) 2) Give 2 disadvantages of kidney transplants: Define the term vasoconstriction: Explain how vasoconstriction helps to warm us up: 1) 2) 3)

B5 – Homeostasis and Response: Puberty and The Menstrual Cycle Name the main reproductive hormone is men: Where is it produced? What does it stimulate? LH State where its produced: Describe its 2 functions: 1) 2) Define the keyword ovulation: Explain how negative feedback is involved in the production of FSH and oestrogen: FSH State where its produced: Describe its 2 functions: 1) 2) Menstrual Cycle State the length of the cycle: State what happens in the first 4 days of the cycle: State what happens at day 14: What will happen at day 28 if the woman is pregnant? What will happen at day 28 is the woman isn’t pregnant? Progesterone State where its produced: Describe its 2 functions: 1) 2) Oestrogen State where its produced: Describe its 3 functions: 1) 2) 3)

B5 – Homeostasis and Response: Controlling Fertility Name the hormones given in IVF treatment: 1) 2) Explain why they’re given: Give 2 reasons why some people are against IVF: 1) 2) Give 4 other types of contraception which involve hormones: 1) 2) 3) 4) Contraceptive Pill Name the 2 hormones used in the contraceptive pill: 1) 2) Explain how oestrogen helps prevent pregnancy: Explain how progesterone helps prevent pregnancy: Give 2 advantages of the contraceptive pill: Give 2 disadvantages of the contraceptive pill: Describe the 3 stages involved in IVF: 1) 2) 3) Barrier Contraception Give 3 types of barrier contraception: 1) 2) 3) Give 1 advantage of IVF: 1) Give 3 disadvantages: 2) 3) Give 3 alternative forms of avoiding pregnancy: 1) 2) 3)

B5 – Homeostasis and Response: Plant Hormones (Biology Only) Define the following keywords: Auxin Tropism Response to gravity What do we call this type of response? Describe how auxins cause a shoot to grow upwards: Describe how auxins cause a root to grow downwards: Uses of gibberellin What is gibberellin? What does it stimulate? How is it used in the following: Controlling dormancy: Inducing flowering: Growing larger fruit: In a shoot………. Where are the auxins produced? What effect do auxins have: In a shoot? In a root? Uses of auxins Describe how auxins are used for the following: Killing weeds: Growing plants from cuttings using rooting powder: Growing cells in tissue culture: Response to light Describe how auxins cause shoots to bend towards the light: What do we call this response? Uses of ethene What effect does ethene have on plants? What is it used for commercially? Why is this useful?