Chapter 15 Struggle over Reconstruction Reconstruction in the South Years of Corruption A Reconstructed Nation

Reconstruction Andrew Johnson Era of Reconstruction 1865-1877 Rebuild the South Changes in the nation

Reconstruction Plans Lincoln: “Ten percent” plan Radical Republicans Wade-Davis bill Vetoed

Reconstruction Plans Johnson: Modification of Lincoln’s plan Began while Congress was not in session

Reconstruction Johnson’s unpopularity and stubbornness made it difficult for his plan to proceed

Reconstruction Radicals win 2/3 majority in 1866 elections Tenure of Office Act Edwin Stanton Johnson dismissed him

Impeachment House impeached Johnson Senate came within 1 vote of convicting Johnson and removing him from office

Amendments 13th Amendment Prohibited slavery

Amendments 14th Amendment Full citizenship to freedmen Applied to states Due process of law

Amendments 14th Amendment Prohibited Confederate leaders from holding office

Amendments 15th Amendment Black suffrage

Reconstruction Not off to a good start Military Reconstruction Act Military districts and governors

Reconstruction Military Reconstruction Act Required states to write new constitutions and ratify amendments

Reconstruction Freedmen’s Bureau Courts Black codes Education

Reconstruction Carpetbaggers Scalawags

Reconstruction Many Reconstruction governments were corrupt Some accomplishments Disfranchisement

Reconstruction Southern reactions Violence Ku Klux Klan Ku Klux Klan Act

Reconstruction Southern reactions Sharecropping Allowed survival, but did not bring prosperity

Reconstruction Southern reactions Redemption Redeemers Wade Hampton Ben Tillman

Grant Elected as the Republican candidate in 1868 “Let us have peace” Weak president

Grant Political corruption Grantism Crédit Mobilier Fisk & Gould Whiskey Ring

Tammany Hall New York City William “Boss” Tweed Enormous corruption Thomas Nast

Grant Liberal Republicans opposed Grant’s reelection Horace Greeley Grant won handily in 1872

Economy Postwar prosperity in the North Panic of ‘73 6-year depression “Greenbacks”

1876 Republicans nominated Rutherford B. Hayes Reputation for honesty Civil War general Governor of Ohio

1876 Democrats nominated Samuel J. Tilden Reputation from breaking up the “Tweed ring”

1876 “Waving the bloody shirt” Disputed results FL, LA, SC Commission of 15 men

1876 Hayes awarded the 19 contested electoral votes There had been voting corruption on both sides

1876 Compromise of 1877 Hayes takes office Federal troops removed from South

Results Slaves freed South became solidly Democratic “The Solid South”

Results Powers of federal government expanded dramatically “The United States is...”