The changing global position of the core areas (Triad) dr. László Jeney associate professor jeney@elte.hu Economic and Human Geography bachelor study programmes (BA) Spring term 2018/2019. CUB Institue of Economic Geography, Geoeconomy and Sustainable Development

Alternative definitions of the core areas Cold War: First and Second World Not up to date W. Brandt: The Rich North, The Poor South Brandt line, 1980s North Asia: rich? Australia: Northern? Triad Position of Australia? High income countries (Worldbank, IMF) Annually changing Developed World 2

Economic core regions Appearance as core region: Europe: from the Age of Discoveries and the industrial revolution North America, Australia: from the late 19th century Japan: from the 1960s (famous ancient East Asian cultures) Its state of development: in the forefront of the age Its development is autonomic and organic Self-modernization: derived from the inner structure and the inner motivation of the society Recognition of natural and human rules  getting the new resources  ensure a more higher state of satisfaction of needs 3

Differences amoung the core areas of the world economy aspects Europe East Asia N. America Australia–O. Ancient times Developed cultures Lagging tribal cultures Greek-Roman antecendent More 1000 years old civilizations Colonization Geopgraphic Discoveries, West Europe Isolation (China: semi-colony) British colonies Early, having col. (+econ.) Late colonization Economic macroregion Europe – Africa Far East The Americas Europe–Afr.  Far East Being core from Discoveries, industrial rev Ancient cult., Postwar per. Late 19th century Success products Medicines, machines High-tech (computer, chip, robot) + application of IT mining, agriculture 4

Basic information on the core areas of the world economy Km2 Population persons GDP PPP Per cap GDP Export US $ Import EU 4,3 mn WR7 490 mn WR3 14,82 bn WR1 32700 WR31 1,95 bn 1,69 bn WR2 USA 9,8 mn 310 mn WR4 14,66 bn 47200 WR10 1,29 bn 1,94 bn Japan 380 th WR60 130 mn WR11 4,31 bn 34000 WR28 0,76 bn 0,64 bn China 9,6 mn 1300 mn 10,09 bn 7600 WR100 1,58 bn 1,33 bn 5

TNCs with the largest income in the world (Fortune: Global500) Growth of East Asia, decline of North America 353 industrial companies with the largest trade of the world (Rebitzer, D. W. 1995) 1956: 77% Am, 23% Eu  1993: 36% Am, 32% Eu, 26% Japan 6