A, Pharmacologically inhibiting protein tyrosine kinases significantly reduces the viability of ATRT cell lines as compared with control HEK 293 cells.

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A, Pharmacologically inhibiting protein tyrosine kinases significantly reduces the viability of ATRT cell lines as compared with control HEK 293 cells. A, Pharmacologically inhibiting protein tyrosine kinases significantly reduces the viability of ATRT cell lines as compared with control HEK 293 cells. ATRT cell lines ATRT-05, ATRT-06, and control HEK 293 cells were exposed to vatalanib for 4 days. Luminescence in each sample was normalized to a control (no drug exposure treatment) for both ATRT-05 and HEK 293. Cell viability assays were performed using CellTiter Glo (Promega), and the IC50 was determined to be 56 μmol/L. Concentrations of vatalanib ≥ 1.0 μmol/L significantly reduced growth of ATRT cell lines according to a two-tailed heteroscedastic p test, P < 0.05. B, Similarly, vatalanib exposure inhibited growth of spheroids in ATRT-05 and ATRT-06, but not in control spheroids generated from neural stem cells, with the IC50 for spheroids calculated at 55 μmol/L. Concentrations of vatalanib ≥ 1 μmol/L significantly decreased growth of ATRT-05 and ATRT-06 spheroids, according to a two-tailed p test, P < 0.05. C–H, Immunofluorescence on ATRT-06 cells. Exposure to vatalanib for 4 days (F–H) results in a loss of PTK7 immunoreactivity (G and H) compared with ATRT-06 exposed to a DMSO control (D and E). ATRT-06 cells were stained with anti-PTK7 (D and G) and a probe for actin (C and F) in the presence (F–H) and absence (C–E) of vatalanib (56 μmol/L). While actin staining was present in both vatalanib-treated (F) and control-treated cells (C), PTK7 expression was only found in control DMSO-treated cells (D and E), and absent in vatalanib-treated cells (G and H). E and H are merged images of panels C, D and F, G, respectively. E illustrates the expression of PTK7 and actin in DMSO-treated ATRT-06, while H illustrates just actin staining in vatalanib-treated ATRT-06 (H). Scale bar, 50 μm. Shanta M. Messerli et al. Mol Cancer Res 2017;15:973-983 ©2017 by American Association for Cancer Research