Types of Reactions You need to be able to identify each type. Synthesis reactions Decomposition reactions Single displacement reactions Double displacement reactions Combustion reactions You need to be able to identify each type.

1. Synthesis General: A + B  AB Example C + O2  + C + O2 → CO2 O O C

Practice Predict the products. Na(s) + Cl2(g)  Mg(s) + F2(g)  Al(s) + F2(g)  2 2 NaCl(s) MgF2(s) 2 3 2 AlF3(s) Now, balance them.

2. Decomposition General: AB  A + B Example: SrCl2  + SrCl2 → Sr + Cl2 General: AB  A + B

Practice Predict the products. NaCl(s)  MgF2(s)  H2O(l)  2 2 Na(s) + Cl2(g) Mg(s) + F2(g) 2 2 H2(g) + O2(g) Now, balance them.

3. Single Displacement General: AB + C  AC + B Example: Zn + CuCl2  CuCl2 + Zn → ZnCl2 + Cu General: AB + C  AC + B

Practice Write and balance the following single replacement reaction equation: Zn(s) + HCl(aq)  2 ZnCl2(aq) + H2(g) 2 NaCl(s) + F2(g)  Al(s)+ Cu(NO3)2(aq) 2 NaF(aq) + Cl2(g) 2 3 3 Cu(s)+ Al(NO3)3(aq) 2

4. Double displacement General: AB + CD  AD + CB Example: MgO + CaS  MgO + CaS → MgS + CaO General: AB + CD  AD + CB

Double Replacement Reactions Think about it like “foil”ing in algebra, first and last ions go together + inside ions go together Example: AgNO3(aq) + NaCl(s)  AgCl(s) + NaNO3(aq) Another example: K2SO4(aq) + Ba(NO3)2(aq)  KNO3(aq) + BaSO4(s) 2

Practice Predict the products. HCl(aq) + AgNO3(aq)  CaCl2(aq) + Na3PO4(aq)  Pb(NO3)2(aq) + BaCl2(aq)  FeCl3(aq) + NaOH(aq)  H2SO4(aq) + NaOH(aq)  KOH(aq) + CuSO4(aq)  HNO3(aq) + AgCl(aq) 3 2 Ca3(PO4)2(aq) + NaCl(aq) 6 PbCl2(aq) + Ba(NO3)2(aq) 3 Fe(OH)3(aq) + NaCl(aq) 3 2 Na2SO4(aq) + H2O(l) 2 2 K2SO4(aq) + Cu(OH)2(aq)

5. Combustion Reactions In general: hydrocarbon + O2  CO2 + H2O carbohydrate + O2  CO2 + H2O Products are ALWAYS carbon dioxide and water. (although incomplete burning does cause some by-products like carbon monoxide) Combustion is used to heat homes and run automobiles (octane, as in gasoline, is C8H18) (ethanol, as in biodiesel, is C2H5OH)

Practice Example C5H12(g) + O2(g)  CO2(g) + H2O(l) Write the products and balance the following combustion reaction: C10H22(g) + O2(g)  8 5 6 2 31 20 10 CO2(g) + H20(l) 11 22 31 2

Mixed Practice State the type, predict the products & balance. BaCl2 + H2SO4  C6H12 + O2  Zn + CuSO4  Cs + Br2  FeCO3  BaSO4 + HCl 2 double replacement 9 6 CO2 + H2O 6 combustion ZnSO4 + Cu single replacement 2 2 CsBr synthesis FeO + CO2 decomposition

Balanced Equation with correct products Reaction Type Balanced Equation with correct products 1 Synthesis 4 Na + O2 → 2 Na2O 2 double displacement 3 CoCl2 + 2 Na3PO4 → Co3(PO4)2 + 6 NaCl 3 decomposition 2 Al2O3 → 4 Al + 3 O2 4 combustion 2 C2H2 + 5 O2 → 4 CO2 + 2 H2O 5 2 AgNO3 + CaCl2 → 2 AgCl + Ca(NO3)2 6 Single displacement Zn + Pb(NO3)2 → Zn(NO3)2 + Pb 7 CuCl2 → Cu + Cl2 8 16 Al + 3 S8 → 8 Al2S3 9 F2 + 2 NaCl → 2 NaF + Cl2 10 CaI2 + Hg(NO3)2 → HgI2 + Ca(NO3)2 11 2 Al + 3 NiSO4 → Al2(SO4)3 + 3 Ni