Course book. Goldstein. Sensation and Perception exams two mid-terms 1½ hours each multiple choice + short notes end-of-term 2-3 hours 30%; 30% and 40% (best counted as 40%) if not registered, go to office TA = Adria Hoover Room: 1022 Sherman Health Research Centre Office Hrs: by appointment Phone: 416-736-2100 ext 4088 Email: hoover@yorku.ca Instructor = Prof Laurence Harris Room: 1018 Sherman Health Research Centre email: harris@yorku.ca phone: 416-736-2100 ext 66108 feel free to interrupt with questions use of web page and email http://www.yorku.ca/harris/2220

Timetable for 2220 (2011) 1 Jan 4 <-- intro 2 Jan 11 3 Jan 18 4 Jan 25 5 Feb 1 <-- midterm 1 6 Feb 8 7 Feb 15 Feb 22 reading week 8 March 1 9 March 8 <-- midterm 2 10 March 15 11 March 22 12 March 29 TBA <-- Final exam

PSYCH 2220 Perception Introduction http://www.yorku.ca/harris/2220

WHAT IS PERCEPTION? Awareness of world objects people self Depends on sensory IN but also memory

FIELDS CALLED UPON IN THIS COURSE Natural History Art Biology Medicine Philosophy Physics Neuroscience Anatomy Biochemistry

Painting by Modigliani

Penguin

MODULAR ORGANIZATION pattern place depth colour movement

Photos by Edward Muybridge

Theories about how these are put together

DEVELOPMENT

PSYCH 2220 Perception Lecture 1

ELECTRO- MAGNETIC RADIATION airwaves MECHANICAL pressure In air (X-rays…) Ultra-violet visible light infra-red (radio waves..) ELECTRO- MAGNETIC RADIATION some insects human vision pit viper Ultra-sound hearing range very-low freqs bats, dophins, rats human hearing whales, frogs airwaves MECHANICAL From outside touch, pain pressure Lateral line of fishes vestibular organ proprioception From inside From same species pheromones, smell In air From outside smell CHEMICAL taste In mouth From inside

Bee’s view of a flower – markings visible only because different parts of the petal reflect ultra-violet rays differently.

THE PIT Pit Viper

Moth

Physical World Sense Organs Brain Perception

Pupils Eye Light Transduction movements Adaptation Point eyes to right place Accommodation focus Pupils Light Adaptation Adjust for the light level Transduction Convert light energy to activity in cells

Focusing and accommodation

WATER LIVING AIR LIVING

DIVING ANIMALS 1 put on a mask that keeps air in front of cornea 2 rely on a STRONG lens that can change from air-living to water living eg: otter 3 Have a FLAT cornea (to remove its influence) and then use a WATER-LIVING style lens eg. Penguin, flying fish 4 Have two pairs of eyes - one for each environment eg. Four-eyed fish 5 Use a WATER-LIVING style lens in the water and bi-pass the cornea by using a PIN HOLE pupil on land eg. seal Air Type Water Type

Penguin

Flying fish

Four-eyed fish

Four-eyed fish

Pupils and light adaptation

Photo taken through a LARGE aperture shallow depth of field (only one distance is in focus)

Photo taken through a SMALL aperture long depth of field (lots of distances are in focus)

Structure of eye and retina