FECA Engineers Conference Tips: Title on this slide should be kept short. Transparency bar is separate piece behind text. Please copy and paste the one in this slide to re-create. Headlines should be set with an initial cap (sentence case) and the rest in lower case. Only product names or acronyms in the headline should begin with a capital letter. Kirby Underwood, LC June 7, 2016

Topics Legislation LEDs and drive current Comparing HID & LED Sources Comparing LED fixtures LED specification hints

Legislation – metal halide Tip: Headlines should be set with an initial cap (sentence case) and the rest in lower case. Only product names or acronyms in the headline should begin with a capital letter.

Metal halide 2017 ruling - scope Covers 50 Watt – 1000 Watt All product must be pulse start 150 watt exemption for outdoor product will be eliminated Effective date – Feb 10, 2017

New requirements Wattage Current Efficiency 2017 Requirement 50 Watt 75.0% 77.3% 70 Watt 76.0% 79.4% 100 Watt 79.0% 81.5% 150 Watt 81.0% 88.0% 175 Watt 200 Watt 250 Watt 88.8% 320 Watt 91.5% 350 Watt 400 Watt 90.3% 450 Watt 90.6% 750 Watt 91.6% 92.3% 1000 Watt 93.4% 93.6%

Low wattage (50W – 150W) No magnetic ballast currently will meet requirement Shift to electronic HID ballast or LED Very little if any investments being made in electronic HID ballast designs

Medium wattage (175W – 400W) 175 Watt and 200 Watt requirements did not change – current design still compliant. New designs are possible at a higher cost and with design changes.

High wattage (750W – 1000W) New designs are possible at a higher cost and with design changes. Products include sports lighting, floodlighting, and area lighting.

ANSI C136.15 Black block letters on white background Arithmetically rounded wattages to nearest multiple of 10 Example: 54W fixture rounds down to 50. 55W fixture rounds up to 60.

LEDs and Drive Current Tip: Headlines should be set with an initial cap (sentence case) and the rest in lower case. Only product names or acronyms in the headline should begin with a capital letter.

LED types Discrete: Superior performance More optics required Less luminous density on surface Higher cost Chip On Board (COB): Excellent performance Lower cost Save space Versatile form factors

Drive current Drive Current Vf Watts Lumen Output Efficacy LPW 350mA HP MPG Drive Current Vf Watts Lumen Output Efficacy LPW 350mA 2.71V .95 147 155 700mA 2.80V 1.96 269 137 1050mA 2.86V 3.00 360 136 The harder you drive an LED the less efficient it is, but remember the Prius is not necessarily going to “last” longer than the Porsche. 134 HP 50 MPG / 0-60 MPH 11 sec. 408 HP 17 MPG / 0-60MPH 3.7 sec.

Drive current and fixture specification Each LED package has different maximum current and junction temperature specifications. The drive current that pushes one past its thermal limits may be well within another’s operating limits. Managing the thermal load is key to operating an LED within its performance limits. An LED that is properly heatsinked can withstand higher drive currents. The key is to draw heat away from the LED junction so that it reaches thermal equilibrium below its max allowable temperature. Lighting should be specified around the performance needs of the end user (luminance, illuminance), not its internal design or drive current.

Question: Which one is running at the best drive current? LED comparison 61W 5.8W 3.2W The LED on the left is from Fixture A. Voltage = 3V, Drive Current = 1.05A, Wattage = 3.2W. The LED in the middle is from Fixture B. Voltage = 145V, Drive Current = 0.04A, Wattage = 5.8W The LED on the right is from Fixture C. Voltage = 34V, Drive Current = 1.8A, Wattage = 61W Question: Which one is running at the best drive current?

LED comparison 61W 5.8W 3.2W Answer: Each is running at the correct drive current for its application. 1-Square Navion 16 LEDs @ 3.2W each Total wattage = 51W Case temperature of LEDs < 85oC, within mfr specs Caretaker 8 LEDs @ 5.8W each Total wattage = 46W Verdeon A01 1 LED @ 61W Total wattage = 61W Case temperature of LEDs < 100oC, within mfr specs

Heat = Life What determines life? Life = Tc Drive Current = Efficiency An LED driven at 1050mA with a Tc (case temperature) of 85C will outlive the same LED driven at 530mA with a Tc of 90C Life = Tc Drive Current = Efficiency

LED vs. HID Tip: Headlines should be set with an initial cap (sentence case) and the rest in lower case. Only product names or acronyms in the headline should begin with a capital letter.

AccuLEDTM optics system

60K hrs is 15 years at 11 hrs a day 365 days a year Light source life - With an HID system – 360 degree source, wrapped with 60K hrs is 15 years at 11 hrs a day 365 days a year

Light control HID vs. Controlled Optics 90° 70° 0° 0° 70° of Light Escapes Unaimed 70° 0° 90° 100% Aimable Light LED Chip Lens vs. Controlled Optics 285W 22,000 lms 107W 11,059 lms - With an HID system – 360 degree source, wrapped with Point-By-Point (20’ MH, 80’ Spacing) Avg Max Min Max/Min__ 1.46 4.55 0.49 9.29 Avg Max Min Max/Min___ 1.16 1.85 0.65 2.85

Photometric templates TYPE III 250W MHPS – 283W System TYPE III 107W LED Type 3 DISTRIBUTION 25’ MOUNTING HEIGHT – GRID LINES 25’ SCALE

Photometric reports TYPE III 250W MHPS TYPE III 107W LED Absolute Photometry Relative Photometry

HID │LED equivalency HID vs. LED 283W PSMH 22,000 lms 107W LED [Absolute] 10,680 lms Street Side = 45% 9,908 lms Street Side = 82.8% 8,845 lms LER – Luminaire Efficacy Rating (Optical Efficiency) – how many of those lumens are getting through the optics NOW NEED LIGHT LOSS FACTOR (LLF = BF * LDD * LLD)

HID │LED lumen depreciation (LLD) HID vs. LED LLD for LED = 0.96 Rated Life X 0.4 = 8000 hrs 17,600 lumens @ 8000 hrs (22,000 X 0.8) 17,600/22,000 = 0.80 LLD

HID │LED light loss factors HID (Metal Halide) vs. LED LLF = BF * LDD * LLD Ballast Factor 1.0 Ballast Factor 1.0 DIRT (LDD) 0.90 DIRT (LDD) 0.95 LDD – Dirt depreciation .90 is industry standard for typical outdoor lighting - .95 is used due to the IP66 rating on lightBAR systems (no dirt build up on lenses – no bugs, etc) Lumen Depr’n (LLD) 0.65-0.80 Lumen Depr’n (LLD) 0.96 LLD = Mean Lumens [lms @ 40% life] ÷ Initial Lumens LLD = Lumen depreciation 50,000 Hrs @ 25°C Ambient LLF = 0.9 * 0.80 = 0.72 LLF = 0.95 * 0.96 = 0.912

Comparable Task Lumens HID │LED equivalency HID vs. LED 283W PSMH 22,000 lms 107W LED [Absolute] 10,680 lms Street Side = 45% 9,908 lms Street Side = 82.8% 8,845 lms LER – Luminaire Efficacy Rating (Optical Efficiency) – how many of those lumens are getting through the optics 0.72 LLF [Light Loss Factor] 7,134 lms 0.912 LLF [Light Loss Factor] 8,067 lms Comparable Task Lumens

Visibility, perception, safety & uniformity

315w Navion at Intersections Existing HID system 54 – 1000 watt (1060 system watts) HPS Galleria fixtures, 58,320 watts New LED system 56 – 412 watt LED Galleon luminaires, 23,072 total watts. 60.4% reduction in energy usage related to outdoor lighting. New lighting enhances the safety and security of shoppers, employees and property.

54 – 1000 watt (1060 system watts) HPS Galleria fixtures, 58,320 watts 157w Navion on Roadways Existing HID system 54 – 1000 watt (1060 system watts) HPS Galleria fixtures, 58,320 watts New LED system 56 – 412 watt LED Galleon luminaires, 23,072 total watts. 60.4% reduction in energy usage related to outdoor lighting. New lighting enhances the safety and security of shoppers, employees and property.

54 – 1000 watt (1060 system watts) HPS Galleria fixtures, 58,320 watts 107w Navion on Roadways Existing HID system 54 – 1000 watt (1060 system watts) HPS Galleria fixtures, 58,320 watts New LED system 56 – 412 watt LED Galleon luminaires, 23,072 total watts. 60.4% reduction in energy usage related to outdoor lighting. New lighting enhances the safety and security of shoppers, employees and property.

Town Center Nissan, Kennesaw, GA Existing HID system 54 – 1000 watt (1060 system watts) HPS Galleria fixtures, 58,320 watts New LED system 56 – 412 watt LED Galleon luminaires, 23,072 total watts. 60.4% reduction in energy usage related to outdoor lighting. New lighting enhances the safety and security of shoppers, employees and property.

Town Center Nissan, Kennesaw, GA Existing HID system 54 – 1000 watt (1060 system watts) HPS Galleria fixtures, 58,320 watts New LED system 56 – 412 watt LED Galleon luminaires, 23,072 total watts. 60.4% reduction in energy usage related to outdoor lighting. New lighting enhances the safety and security of shoppers, employees and property.

Tilted Galleon LED Market Drivers GAN-AE-ADJS – adjustable arm, slipfitter mount GAN-AE-ADJS—Tilt ange set for 15 degrees for optimal performance GAN-AE-ADJA-WM – adjustable arm, direct pole mount and wall mount adapter Market Drivers High-lumen package, 107w- 530w wattage range, perimeter area lighting, off-roadway applications, excellent performance for illuminating parking lot and face of buildings. 60% Energy saving over HID Reduces maintenance costs by eliminating expensive lamp changes Key Product Attributes Replaces up to 1000W MH IP66, 3G vibration rated up to 60o from horizontal

Tilted Galleon LED Market Drivers GAN-AE-ADJS – adjustable arm, slipfitter mount GAN-AE-ADJS—Tilt ange set for 15 degrees for optimal performance GAN-AE-ADJA-WM – adjustable arm, direct pole mount and wall mount adapter Market Drivers High-lumen package, 107w- 530w wattage range, perimeter area lighting, off-roadway applications, excellent performance for illuminating parking lot and face of buildings. 60% Energy saving over HID Reduces maintenance costs by eliminating expensive lamp changes Key Product Attributes Replaces up to 1000W MH IP66, 3G vibration rated up to 60o from horizontal

Tilted Galleon LED Market Drivers GAN-AE-ADJS – adjustable arm, slipfitter mount GAN-AE-ADJS—Tilt ange set for 15 degrees for optimal performance GAN-AE-ADJA-WM – adjustable arm, direct pole mount and wall mount adapter Market Drivers High-lumen package, 107w- 530w wattage range, perimeter area lighting, off-roadway applications, excellent performance for illuminating parking lot and face of buildings. 60% Energy saving over HID Reduces maintenance costs by eliminating expensive lamp changes Key Product Attributes Replaces up to 1000W MH IP66, 3G vibration rated up to 60o from horizontal

Tilted Galleon LED Market Drivers GAN-AE-ADJS – adjustable arm, slipfitter mount GAN-AE-ADJS—Tilt ange set for 15 degrees for optimal performance GAN-AE-ADJA-WM – adjustable arm, direct pole mount and wall mount adapter Market Drivers High-lumen package, 107w- 530w wattage range, perimeter area lighting, off-roadway applications, excellent performance for illuminating parking lot and face of buildings. 60% Energy saving over HID Reduces maintenance costs by eliminating expensive lamp changes Key Product Attributes Replaces up to 1000W MH IP66, 3G vibration rated up to 60o from horizontal

Tilted Galleon LED Market Drivers GAN-AE-ADJS – adjustable arm, slipfitter mount GAN-AE-ADJS—Tilt ange set for 15 degrees for optimal performance GAN-AE-ADJA-WM – adjustable arm, direct pole mount and wall mount adapter Market Drivers High-lumen package, 107w- 530w wattage range, perimeter area lighting, off-roadway applications, excellent performance for illuminating parking lot and face of buildings. 60% Energy saving over HID Reduces maintenance costs by eliminating expensive lamp changes Key Product Attributes Replaces up to 1000W MH IP66, 3G vibration rated up to 60o from horizontal

Tilted Galleon LED Market Drivers GAN-AE-ADJS – adjustable arm, slipfitter mount GAN-AE-ADJS—Tilt ange set for 15 degrees for optimal performance GAN-AE-ADJA-WM – adjustable arm, direct pole mount and wall mount adapter Market Drivers High-lumen package, 107w- 530w wattage range, perimeter area lighting, off-roadway applications, excellent performance for illuminating parking lot and face of buildings. 60% Energy saving over HID Reduces maintenance costs by eliminating expensive lamp changes Key Product Attributes Replaces up to 1000W MH IP66, 3G vibration rated up to 60o from horizontal

Tilted Galleon LED Market Drivers GAN-AE-ADJS – adjustable arm, slipfitter mount GAN-AE-ADJS—Tilt ange set for 15 degrees for optimal performance GAN-AE-ADJA-WM – adjustable arm, direct pole mount and wall mount adapter Market Drivers High-lumen package, 107w- 530w wattage range, perimeter area lighting, off-roadway applications, excellent performance for illuminating parking lot and face of buildings. 60% Energy saving over HID Reduces maintenance costs by eliminating expensive lamp changes Key Product Attributes Replaces up to 1000W MH IP66, 3G vibration rated up to 60o from horizontal

Comparing LED Luminaires Tip: Headlines should be set with an initial cap (sentence case) and the rest in lower case. Only product names or acronyms in the headline should begin with a capital letter.

Photometric toolbox Can read and create templates for any IES file

Comparison - photometric reports LED Fixture X LED Fixture Y

Various Type II LED

Comparing fixtures DISTRIBUTION MATTERS! Fixtures with equal lumen output do not perform equally. Always include EQUAL maintenance factors when comparing and crossing LED fixtures. Use the IES file to determine lumen output, wattage and street side lumens – (quick fixture cross – design lumens) Create template in Photometric Toolbox (where are the design lumens going?)

Specifications Tip: Headlines should be set with an initial cap (sentence case) and the rest in lower case. Only product names or acronyms in the headline should begin with a capital letter.

MSSLC Municipal Solid State Lighting Consortium Group consists of utilities, municipalities – users only (no manufacturers) Share technical information and experiences with LED lighting Peer group – utilities and municipalities encouraged to join Have created model specification for LED luminaires – should be customized Spec intended to be a template http://energy.gov/eere/ssl/doe-municipal-solid-state-street-lighting-consortium

Specification - Categories Quality Assurance (Testing, Manufacturer Identification) Submittals (Spec sheets for luminaires, drivers, LEDs, thermal reports, etc.) Luminaires (approved manuf.) Electrical (operating voltage/frequency, surge, THD, etc.) Photometrics (CCT, CRI, CU) Thermal (ambient range, thermal capacity) Physical/Mechanical (tool-less entry, leveling, 3G vibration)

Specification - References American National Standards Institute (ANSI): C136.XX – Covers voltage classification, photocontrol devices/receptacles, luminaire field ID (wattage labels, internal labeling, Ingress protection, vibration) American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM): Salt spray, painting/coating European Union (EU): RoHS II - restriction of the use of certain hazardous substances in electrical and electronic equipment (recyclable)

Specification - References Illuminating Engineering Society of North America (IESNA or IES): Roadway lighting maintenance Photometric measurement Operating factors LM-79: IESNA approved method for electrical and photometric measurements of solid-state lighting products (fixture) LM-80: IESNA approved method for measuring lumen maintenance of LED light sources (LEDs) RP-8: ANSI/IES standard practice for roadway lighting design TM-15 - Luminaire Classification System for Outdoor Luminaires TM-21: Projecting long term lumen maintenance of LED light sources – 6 X’s tested hours Underwriters Laboratories (UL) UL1449 - Surge Protection Devices UL1598 - Luminaires UL8750 – LED equipment for use in products

Specification – Quality assurance Manufacturers of LED luminaires shall demonstrate a suitable testing program incorporating high heat, high humidity and thermal shock test regimens to ensure system reliability and to substantiate lifetime claims. The sole use of IESNA LM-80 data to predict luminaire lifetime is not acceptable – what about when the LEDs are installed in a fixture? LM-80 addresses lumen depreciation of the light source (LEDs) only – not the performance of the light source integrated into a luminaire. Each luminaire shall utilize a unique serial numbering scheme.

Specification - Submittals Spec sheets for fixture Cut sheets for light sources - LEDs Driver spec sheets Thermal reports for luminaire – fixture performance, not LEDs alone Surge protection device – UL1449 Installation/maintenance instructions Integrating sphere report for each LED luminaire showing kelvin temperature and CRI IES files per LM-79 in IES format for each luminaire from a NVLAP accredited photometric laboratory LED manufacturers LM-80 test report - lumen depreciation of LEDs TM-21 lumen depreciation data on the proposed luminaire - system

Specification - Luminaires List acceptable manufacturers Luminaire shall be an assembly that utilizes LEDs as the light source. In addition, a complete luminaire shall consist of a housing, LEDs or LED array, and electronic driver (power supply) Rated operating temperature range shall be -­40°C (-40ºF) to +40°C (104ºF). Luminaire shall be capable of operating above 104°F (40°C). Photometry must be compliant with IESNA LM-79…..luminaire absolute photometry Luminaire shall be constructed such that LED drivers and surge modules may be replaced or repaired without replacement of whole luminaire UL 1598 – Luminaires IP-65 housing and IP-66 for driver (or internal control circuitry)

Lumen maintenance table Ambient Temperature Lumen Maintenance 25,000 Hours 50,000 Hours 60,000 Hours TM-21 Rating 100,000 Hours   1000mA Drive Current (Standard) 25°C > 99% > 96% > 94% > 90% 40°C > 98% > 95% > 93% > 88% 50°C > 84% 700mA Drive Current > 97% > 92% > 86% 530mA Drive Current

Specification - Electrical   Operating frequency 60 HZ ±3 HZ AC Operating Voltage108 VAC to 305 VAC (no visible effect on light output) Power Factor of 0.9 or greater THD less than 20% Surge suppression device 10kV and field replaceable SPD must be UL1449 Surge Schematic

Standard surge with MOVs only One or more MOVs, no fusing. No protection after MOV reaches thermal failure. MOVs alone do not qualify as Surge Protective Devices under UL Standard 1449.

Specification - Photometrics   LEDs horizontal to the ground – no aiming For discreet & Multiple COB LEDs – All LEDs in luminaire should have same optical pattern BUG rating – backlight, uplight and glare No lumens above 90º (U0) Nominal correlated color temperature (CCT) of 4000°K (+/- 225°K) CRI > 70 Total luminaire lumens not necessarily a good metric

Specification - Thermal Luminaire shall start and operate in ambient temperature range specified Passive thermal control (conduction, convection) – No fans Ample heat sinking – Fixture components’ (LEDs & driver) max temperature are not exceeded at maximum rated ambient temperature (i.e. 40°C) The thermal management shall be of sufficient capacity to assure proper operation of the luminaire over the expected useful life

Specification – Physical/Mechanical Tool-less entry to electrical compartment Mechanical construction must allow for level mounting (i.e. leveling steps) For roadway or security fixture - must accommodate 1¼” to 2” ID pipe (1 5/8” to 2 3/8” OD) UL wet location listed IP-66 optics 3G vibration per ANSI C136.31 American Standard for Roadway and Area Lighting Equipment Terminal block House side shield available if needed? 3-pin or 7-pin photocontrol receptacle ID – External and internal labeling per ANSI C136.15 and ANSI C136.22

MSSLC - Tables Material Specification Method – Luminaire Only System Specification Method – Performance Based