Compromises and The Fall of the Articles of Confederation

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Presentation transcript:

Compromises and The Fall of the Articles of Confederation

The Constitutional Convention met in Philadelphia in May, 1787 55 delegates representing every state but Rhode Island George Washington selected to act as presiding officer Agreed to keep all discussions and decisions secret James Madison kept diary of proceedings Each state had one vote; Major decisions decided with majority vote At first, the goal was to fix the A.O.C.

Controversies Under the Articles of Confederation States and regions (N and S) developing very different cultures and economies North was more manufacturing heavy South grew tobacco and……..COTTON! Who made the cotton? Where? Each state and region had different opinions on the Articles of Confederation – the biggest controversies? Slavery, Voting, and trade

Voting Many states viewed the 1 state = 1 vote policy of the AoC undemocratic Guess which size states didn’t like the 1 state = 1 vote policy the most? Two Plans emerge with differing opinions Virginia Plan (larger states) – representation based on population, if you have more people you send more representatives to Congress New Jersey Plan (smaller states) – wanted to keep the AoC 1 state = 1 vote

The Great Compromise/Connecticut Plan Proposed by Roger Sherman Bicameral Legislature (two houses) SENATE – Each state sends two representatives House of Representatives – each state sends amount based on population Created the Electoral College You vote for representatives to vote for president, but each state has a certain amount of votes based on population “Tyranny of the Majority” – is this democratic? Didn’t trust the people to vote – left it to a group of “trusted” elites

Slavery Differing opinions: IN this discussion of voting and population the question of SHOULD SLAVES BE COUNTED TOWARDS POPULATION emerged Differing opinions: Free States (states with no slaves) – did NOT want slaves to count towards population – why? Slave States – wanted slaves to count towards population – Why?

3/5 Compromise 3/5 of slaves counted as population in determining representation to the House of Representatives AND determining taxation

Issue #4- Regulation of Trade Should Congress Regulate foreign Trade? North South Compromises Wanted Congress to control trade Wanted federal government to have power to collect duties and tariffs Felt that if Congress controlled trade, it would ban the slave trade Feared federal duty on agricultural products Trade Compromise  no duties on export for the next 20 years Slave Trade Compromise-agreed slave trade would end in 1808; no slaves imported after.