GSDMD is required for nuclear expansion during NETosis.

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GSDMD is required for nuclear expansion during NETosis. GSDMD is required for nuclear expansion during NETosis. (A to D) Neutrophils were activated with PMA (A and C) or nigericin (B and D) and stained with the cell-permeable DNA dye DRAQ5 and the cell-impermeable DNA dye SYTOX Green. Images were acquired every 2 min for 6 hours. Single cells were selected semiautomatically; nuclear expansion and NET formation were quantified using an automated workflow in ImageJ and R. Bottom panels depict P values determined by unpaired two-tailed t tests at each time point, and red areas refer to P < 0.05. Mean ± SEM is depicted; n refers to the number of independent experiments. (A and B) NET formation of neutrophils activated with PMA (A) or nigericin (B). (C and D) Quantification of nuclear expansion over time in neutrophils stimulated with PMA (C) or nigericin (D). (E) Quantification of the time it took single cells to expand their nucleus upon PMA treatment in the presence or absence of LDC7559; horizontal lines depict the median. P = 1.5384 × 10−111, determined by Wilcoxon rank-sum test with continuity correction. (F) Quantification of the time it took single PMA-treated cells with an expanded nucleus to lyse; horizontal lines depict the median. LDC7559 treatment did not delay this process. P = 0.0044, determined by Wilcoxon rank-sum test with continuity correction. LDC7559 concentration was 5 μM in all experiments. Gabriel Sollberger et al. Sci. Immunol. 2018;3:eaar6689 Copyright © 2018 The Authors, some rights reserved; exclusive licensee American Association for the Advancement of Science. No claim to original U.S. Government Works