Models of Ethical Decision Making PSYCH/660

Model 1 Make the decision Enumerate the consequences of making each decision Generate alternate decision Evaluate the rights, responsibilities, and vulnerability of all affected parties Consult with a trusted colleague Pause to consider as best as possible all factors that might influence the decision Consult guidelines already available that might apply as a possible mechanism for resolution Determine whether the matter truly involves ethics Ethical Decision Making According to Koocher & Keith-Spiegel (2008).

Model 2 Ethical Decision Making According to Fisher (2005). Assess Identity the problem and use Ethic Code to identify specific issues Identify and clarify the relevant clinical components Consider legal requirements, contractual obligations or agency considerations Evaluate the rights, vulnerabilities and responsibilities of all parties Obtain consultation as appropriate Discuss the issues collaboratively Plan Generate a list of possible decision/solutions Eliminate any options that are clearly unethical, illegal or clinical inappropriate Enumerate, consider and weight consequences Implement Make a decisions Carry out the decision Evaluate Document your decision-making process and actions Monitor and modify plan as appropriate. Ethical Decision Making According to Fisher (2005).

Model 3 Ethical Decision Making According to Fisher (2013). Modify and continue to evaluate the ethical plan if necessary Monitor and evaluate the effectiveness of the course of action Select and implement an ethical course of action Apply steps 1 through 4 to generate ethical alternatives and evaluate each Make an effort to understand the perspective of different stakeholders Gather additional facts relevant to the specific ethical situation Acquire sufficient familiarity with the APA Ethics Code General Principles and Ethical Standards Develop and sustain a professional commitment to doing the right thing Ethical Decision Making According to Fisher (2013).