Experimental setup. Experimental setup. Each tested ventilator was connected to the TTL test lung via a ventilator circuit. An oxygen analyzer, a pressure.

Slides:

Advertisements

Similar presentations

Effect of nasal positive expiratory pressure (PEP) on 6-min walk test (6MWT) distance and pre- to post-exercise increase in lung volumes in each individual.

Advertisements

The changes in peak flow and inspiratory time between a minimum rise time (first 2 breaths) and a maximum rise time (last 2 breaths), with the Servo-i.

Airway pressure and flow waveforms during constant flow volume control ventilation, illustrating the effect of an end-inspiratory breath-hold. Airway pressure.

Trigger pressure-time product (PTP) with zero pressure support, with no leak, medium leak, and large leak. Trigger pressure-time product (PTP) with zero.

Schematic illustration of upper airway anatomical dead space volume (VD) during unidirectional breathing. Schematic illustration of upper airway anatomical.

Matrix used to calculate the kappa statistic.

Lung simulator diagram of airway pressure release ventilation (APRV): volume (yellow), lung pressure (white), and flow (orange)/time curve. Lung simulator.

A ventilator and TTL test lung were used to simulate spontaneous breathing. A ventilator and TTL test lung were used to simulate spontaneous breathing.

The high flow nasal cannula (HFNC) system incorporated an air/O2 blender with a flow meter and a heated humidifier. The high flow nasal cannula (HFNC)

A: Pressure (green) and volume (black)/time curve in airway pressure release ventilation (APRV). A: Pressure (green) and volume (black)/time curve in airway.

An example of delayed cycling during pressure-support ventilation of a patient with COPD, on a Puritan Bennett 7200 ventilator, which has a flow-termination.

Likert-scale agreement ratings regarding the use of extubation readiness parameters by pediatric critical care physicians. Likert-scale agreement ratings.

Example airway pressure and rib-cage impedance in a premature infant supported with the biphasic mode of SiPAP (“sigh” positive airway pressure) from the.

Simulated screenshot of flow starvation in volume control continuous mandatory ventilation. Simulated screenshot of flow starvation in volume control continuous.

A: Computed tomogram shows bilateral dependent consolidation in a patient with ARDS, as well as ground-glass opacities in the non-dependent lung. A: Computed.

Sensitivity, Specificity, Positive Predictive Value, Negative Predictive Value, Area Under the Curve, and 95% CIs for the 0, 10, 25, 50, and 100 SatSeconds.

Comparison of airway pressure release ventilation (APRV) (blue curve) and biphasic positive airway pressure (BIPAP) (black curve). Comparison of airway.

Trigger and synchronization windows.

Typical pressure-time curves during forced expiration against an occluded airway in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients and healthy controls. Typical pressure-time.

Ineffective efforts and operation of apnea ventilation during pressure control continuous spontaneous ventilation (PC-CSV). Ineffective efforts and operation.

Graphic representation of a dynamic airway pressure scalar during volume control ventilation with a constant inspiratory flow. Graphic representation of.

In supine obese people, the weight of the abdomen pushes against the diaphragm, causing a cranial displacement of the muscle. In supine obese people, the.

Bland-Altman plots with exhaled VT difference plotted against the mean (displayed and pneumotachograph-measured) with and without sensor for method circuit.

Flow, esophageal pressure, airway pressure, and transpulmonary pressure can be used to calculate respiratory system compliance, chest-wall compliance,

Negative pressures calculated with the Rosen and Hillard formula

We connected the supplemental oxygen supply at 3 places: near the ventilator, near the exhalation valve, and on the nasal mask port. We connected the supplemental.

Changes in PaO2/FIO2 (A) and PaCO2 (B).

Carbon monoxide (CO) delivery system used in animal models and Phase 1 clinical trials. Carbon monoxide (CO) delivery system used in animal models and.

A: Posteroanterior chest radiograph showing hypertranslucency of the left upper and middle fields with a marked reduction in the peripheral lung markings.

Change in mean pulmonary arterial pressure after a 5-min inhalation of the Rho kinase inhibitor Y in rats with hypoxic pulmonary hypertension, with.

The Boussignac continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is a small plastic cylinder that attaches to a face mask. The Boussignac continuous positive.

Control circuit for set-point or dual targeting schemes.

A: Optimal cutoff point (circled) at which visual analog scale score categorizes subjects with versus those without bronchial obstruction. A: Optimal cutoff.

Assembly used to convert a standard ventilator to an intermittent mandatory ventilation circuit. Assembly used to convert a standard ventilator to an intermittent.

Control circuit for a servo targeting scheme (eg, Proportional Assist Ventilation). Control circuit for a servo targeting scheme (eg, Proportional Assist.

A novel multi-channeled neonatal patient Y-piece device (AFECTAIR) developed as part of an aerosolized lung surfactant administration system to be used.

Negative pressures generated in our airway model.

Change in trigger delay during invasive (A) and noninvasive ventilation (B) with variable leak. Change in trigger delay during invasive (A) and noninvasive.

A: Pressure ulcer on the left cheek of a patient after 1 week of prone positioning using a commercially available endotracheal tube (ETT) holder. A: Pressure.

Kaplan-Meier curve for the probability of noninvasive ventilation (NIV) failure relative to continuous use of NIV and stratified for Acute Physiology and.

Experimental setup of particle distribution using the 8-stage Andersen cascade impactor and in vitro module using an absolute filter. Experimental setup.

The cause of asynchrony during volume-targeted ventilation and total asynchrony index. The cause of asynchrony during volume-targeted ventilation and total.

SpO2 at baseline, pre- and post-intubation.

Graphical representation of the locations where spontaneous breaths may occur during the airway pressure (Paw) release ventilation ventilatory cycle. Graphical.

Calculated negative pressure developed in the lung plotted against the outside diameter of the suction catheter to the inside diameter of the airway. Calculated.

Flow, airway pressure, and transversus abdominis electromyogram (EMG) waveforms from a mechanically ventilated patient with COPD receiving pressure-support.

Plots of alveolar PO2, hemoglobin saturation, and alveolar PCO2 as a function of alveolar ventilation in a normal subject at sea level (inspired oxygen.

Bland-Altman analysis of the end-tidal carbon dioxide concentration (PETCO2) during resting (A), with mouth closed (B), and during deep breathing (C) while.

Components of a patient-triggered mechanical breath.

FEV1 and FVC for the control group (without noninvasive ventilation [NIV]), NIV with an inspiratory pressure (IPAP) of 15 cm H2O and expiratory pressure.

Relationship of mouth pressure (Pmo) and box pressure (Pbox) by body plethysmography under closed–loop panting conditions (left) and open-loop panting.

Ventilation protocol. Ventilation protocol. The PEEP group raised peak inspiratory pressure (PIP) through 5-cm H2O PEEP increments every 2 min while keeping.

Tidal volume (VT) error (% difference between set and actual values) was determined for each ventilator at VT of 300, 500, and 700 mL. Tidal volume (VT)

A: Work of breathing before and after nebulized terbutaline delivered via standard nebulization method versus delivered during continuous positive airway.

Sequence plot visualizing the development of symptom frequency for the cohort at the individual level between 2006 and Sequence plot visualizing.

The changes in peak flow and inspiratory time between a minimum rise time (first 2 breaths) and a maximum rise time (last 2 breaths), with the Servo-i.

Relationship between airway resistance (Raw) and lung volume, the reciprocal of Raw (conductance of the airways [Gaw]) and lung volume, and Gaw/TGV (thoracic.

Plot of the surface tension (γ) and area.

Boundary graph for prescription flow (Qp) and supply flow (Qs).

For inspiratory load compensation testing, this threshold positive expiratory pressure (PEP) training device was inverted and connected to a respiratory.

Difference between mid-frequency ventilation (MFV), volume control continuous mandatory ventilation (VC-CMV), and pressure control CMV (PC-CMV) when frequency.

Average drug doses in the peripheral lung, central lung, and extrathoracic airway; residual drug left in the device; and residual drug that was exhaled.

Basic setup for high-flow nasal cannula oxygen delivery.

Percent of extremely-low-birth-weight (ELBW) babies alive and off mechanical ventilation at 7 days, and median days on mechanical ventilation for ELBW.

Fentenyl and lorazepam use for the first 5 d of ventilatory support are presented. Fentenyl and lorazepam use for the first 5 d of ventilatory support.

Minute-by-minute means of breathing variables during the spontaneous breathing trial for the groups of subjects with trial success (n = 32) and failure.

Setup of the BiPAP Synchrony with an inspiratory filter and single-limb passive circuit, with the filter placed over the fixed leak to collect aerosol.

Time taken to perform the Glittre activities of daily living (Glittre ADL) test by severity of COPD obstruction according to Global Initiative for Chronic.

Mean nasopharyngeal pressure during high-flow oxygen therapy, with mouth open or closed. Mean nasopharyngeal pressure during high-flow oxygen therapy,

Effects of an automated endotracheal-tube-compensation system on a pressure-support breath. Effects of an automated endotracheal-tube-compensation system.

Presentation transcript:

Experimental setup. Experimental setup. Each tested ventilator was connected to the TTL test lung via a ventilator circuit. An oxygen analyzer, a pressure transducer, a pneumotachometer connected to a differential pressure transducer, and an airway-resistance connector were placed between the Y-piece and the test lung. Oxygen concentration was collected directly by a computer; flow and airway-pressure signals were processed through an analog-to-digital (A/D) converter and saved on another computer. Yusuke Chikata et al. Respir Care 2015;60:341-346 (c) 2012 by Daedalus Enterprises, Inc.