Inquiry Question How did African countries gain independence and what were the effects of this process?

Effects of Colonialism: European Rule Types of rule: Direct rule common Indirect rule common Problems with rule: Limited African autonomy Created division between Africans Encouraged mistreatment of native Africans Encouraged violence against colonial rule Example of indirect rule—Africans made to look still in power

Effects of Colonialism: Treatment of Natives European view of treatment: European actions for the good of the native Africans Brought order among conflict and chaos Brought infrastructure to Africans Improved economy of Africans African view of treatment: Treatment was oppressive Use of slavery Increased poverty Prevented from owning property Natives in Congo turned into slaves to work for Belgians

Effects of Colonialism: Assimilation European view of assimilation: European culture better Africans should adopt European culture Africans could advance thru assimilation African view of assimilation: African culture suppressed by European culture Assimilation was akin to oppression Algerian children learning French

Effects of Colonialism: Land Use European view of land use: African countries undeveloped Europeans could help by taking and developing Actions were for good of Africans African view of land use: Europeans essentially stole African lands Limited land for Africans to live on Limited land for Africans to farm African land taken to make way for developments such as Ugandan Railway