Americans, Citizenship, & Governments Chapter One Lesson One Being an American

Bell Ringer Page 1 – The Story Matters/ Write the following Questions What percentage of Americans are immigrants? What percentage of Americans have foreign born ancestors? What is the name of the famous immigration station in the U.S. ?

Bell Ringer August 12, 2019 GRAPH SKILLS: Page 6 –Analyze a Chart Identify: What do the bars show? What does the line show? Critical Thinking: After 2009, what trend is expected of the percentage of the population that is foreign-born? Bars: number of foreign-born people in millions; Line: what share of the whole population is foreign born. Foreign born is expected to level off; (it didn’t)

A Diverse Population Immigration to the U.S. has been taking place for a few hundred years. 98% of all the people now living in the U.S. are descended from those in another country Values: freedom, equality, & opportunity.

A History of Immigration 20,000 Years ago – From Asia –>became various Native American tribes 1500s: Spanish in Florida & the Southwest U.S. 1600s: French -> Canada Dutch - > New Amsterdam -> New York English -> East Coast of North America Slaves came from Africa. By 1807 – 500,000 slaves had arrived and Congress passed a law forbidding more to come.

Transformation 1830-1930: population grew drastically Mid 1800s: People moved from farms -> cities to work in industry 1920: Worked in factories -> Blue-Collar Workers Worked in Offices -> White-Collar Workers 1960: Women -> labor force Service jobs increased

Social Institutions Social: Family – Religion – Schools Government: Popular Sovereignty

Essential Question What are the characteristics that make up a culture? Shared Values : Freedom, Equality, Opportunity Shared Institutions: Religion (Church, Temple, Mosque), Family, Education (School), Workplace

Activity - Page 7-8 Immigration Map – Page 7 Place: Which two areas are the source of most immigrants? Analyze:In which group would immigrants from Mexico be counted? Chart Page 8 Identify: What percentage of the American people is American Indian & Alaska Native? Analyze: What are the two largest groups represented in the graph besides White non-Hispanic?

Bell Ringer August 13, 2019 CRITICAL THINKING: Page 21 – Primary Source – Franklin D. Roosevelt   “The ultimate rulers of our democracy are not a President and Senators and Congressmen and Government officials but the voters of this country.” Franklin D. Roosevelt (1938)  What did Roosevelt mean? Write a paraphrase putting Roosevelt’s idea in your own words  

Growth of American Citizenship 1776: White men who owned property could vote 1868: African American men could vote – 14th Amendment 1920: Women win voting rights – 19th Amendment 1924: Native Americans granted US Citizenship

American Citizenship US Citizenship is based on Birth: Born in one of 50 States American Territory US Military Base If both parents are citizens If one parent is a citizen who has lived in the US

Naturalization Naturalization: Legal process to become a citizen 18 years old Legal permanent resident for 5 years Read, write, & speak English Good moral character Understand U.S. Civics

Steps in Naturalization Process Fill out application with the USCIS Talk with a USCIS official Pass a citizenship exam Attend a citizenship ceremony

Essential Question What is a citizen? Members of a community who owe loyalty to a government and, in turn, are entitled to the protection of that government.

Dred Scott v. Sandford Explain: Why was Dred Scott not freed as a result of the Supreme Court’s decision? Infer: What is your opinion of Justice Taney’s view of the Framers’ “original intent”? The Court ruled that he was not a citizen and had no right to bring a lawsuit, and that the Missouri Compromise was unconstitutional The “Original Intent” of the Framers was to exclude African Americans from citizenship – should be based on sound reasoning.

Bell Ringer August 14, 2019 Page 31 Comparing Democratic and Authoritarian Systems Analyzing: What kind of a government can a monarchy be? Making Inferences: Sometimes authoritarian governments stage elections. Do you think they would be fair? Why or Why Not? 1. A monarchy can be a representative democracy (Constitutional Monarchy) 1. A monarchy can be an absolute monarchy (Authoritarian – King rules) 2. No. These governments limit free choice by having only ONE Party.

Duties of Citizens Duties - Actions you are required to perform: Obey Laws Pay Taxes Defend the Nation (Register with SS) Serve in Court (Jury Duty) Attend School

Responsibilities of Citizens Be an informed citizen! Respect the rights of others! Contribute to the common good! Be involved! (Charity – Volunteerism)

Group Work: (Answer questions below)   Teen Citizens in Action – “Teaching How to Spell Success” (reading pg.23) Question: How would seeing the fun in learning help make students better learners? Volunteering in America (Graph Page 24) Questions: Which age group has the highest percentage of volunteering? Why do you think the field of education is so popular among volunteers? 35 – 45 years old Teach the young generation so children can learn to be smart, productive workers and good citizens

Essential Question What are some duties & responsibilities of a citizen? As a citizen, I have the duty to obey the laws of the land. Some of my other duties would be to pay taxes, serve on a jury, and get my education so that I can be a well-educated and informed citizen. As a citizen, it is my responsibility to remain informed about what is happening in my government. I can participate with other citizens by becoming involved in elections, voting, and respecting the rights and opinions of others. I can also help tremendously by volunteering my time to helping those in need.

Bell Ringer August 15, 2019 Functions of Government Page 27 – Critical Thinking Identifying: What are the four broad functions of government? To keep order to provide security to provide services guide the community

The Importance of Government Government makes it possible for people to live together peacefully and productively We have laws to help keep the peace & resolve conflicts (Keep Order) We have a military for our safety (Provide Security) Government runs libraries, some schools & hospitals. (Services) Government builds & repairs streets and bridges (Services) Government provides police & firemen (Services) Makes policy decisions, regulates trade & travel (Guidance)

Levels of Government Federal System: power divided between the national gov’t and the states. National Gov’t: basic rules for citizenship State & Local Gov’t: schools, police, health, roads, etc.

Types of Government Democracy: Representative Democracy Constitutional Monarchy 2. Authoritarian: Absolute Monarchy Dictators

Essential Question Why is government necessary?

Vocab Immigrant: an individual who moves permanently to a new country Ethnic Group: a group of people who share a national, cultural, or racial background Values: the general principles or beliefs people use to make judgments and decisions Civics: the study of the rights and duties of citizens Government: the ruling authority for a community Naturalization: a legal process to obtain citizenship Deny: to take away a right or privilege Alien: a foreign-born resident of the United States who has not been naturalized

Vocabulary Continued Refugee: a person who has left his or her home to escape danger such as persecution by the government, war, or natural disaster Tolerance: respecting and accepting others, regardless of their beliefs, practices, or differences. Welfare: the health, prosperity, and happiness of the member of a community Public policy: the decisions and actions a government takes to solve problems in the community

Vocab Continued Representative Democracy: government in which citizens choose a smaller group to govern on their behalf Constitutional Monarchy: the power of the hereditary ruler is limited by the country’s constitution and laws Majority rule: political principle providing that a majority of the members of a community has the power to make laws

Review of Chapter One 1. Why is the population of the U.S. so diverse? We are a nation of immigrants from all over the world 2. What are 3 ways the American workforce has changed in the last 50 years? Women working, people working at home, service work 3. Why do we study Civics? To understand our rights, duties, & responsibilities as citizens

Review 4. How do the rights of legal aliens differ from those of U.S. citizens? Aliens may not vote, hold office, serve on juries. 5. Name two ways a person may become a citizen. By birth in the U.S. or to U.S. citizens Naturalization 6. What is the difference between a legal & illegal alien? A legal alien has permission by the gov’t to be here

Review 7. Why is serving on a jury a civic duty? All citizens have the right to a fair trial by jury 8. How do governments keep order in society? By establishing and enforcing laws 9. How does an absolute monarchy differ from constitutional monarchy? In an absolute – all power rests with the monarch A constitutional monarchy is democratic

Review 10. How does representative democracy differ from a direct Representative Gov’t: citizens choose people to govern Direct Democracy: citizens have a direct role