Getting Off the Ground State: X Chromosome Inactivation Knocks Down Barriers to Differentiation  Robert Morey, Louise C. Laurent  Cell Stem Cell  Volume 14, Issue 2, Pages 131-132 (February 2014) DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2014.01.012 Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Inc. Terms and Conditions

Figure 1 Factors Regulating the Maintenance of the XaXa State and the Transition to the XaXi State In this model, an initial signal to differentiate causes XaXa cells to downregulate pluripotency factors, which in turn derepress Xist, resulting in XCI and the inactivation of one of the two X chromosomes. The loss of the double dose of the X chromosome leads to derepression of MAPK and Gsk signaling and repression of Akt. MAPK signaling triggers an increase in the expression of Dnmt3a/b, which further represses pluripotency factors through DNA hypermethylation. Cell Stem Cell 2014 14, 131-132DOI: (10.1016/j.stem.2014.01.012) Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Inc. Terms and Conditions