Unit 3 Day 7 Chapter 10 Section 4 Brazil Unit 3 Day 7 Chapter 10 Section 4

Portugal gained control of Brazil Largest country in South America History of Brazil? The Treaty of Tordesillas (1494) split South America between Spain and Portugal Portugal gained control of Brazil Largest country in South America Colonized by both countries Portuguese speaking nation

Natives and Portugal? Portuguese hoped to find gold and silver Cleared land for sugar plantations Settlements along the coast Interior cleared and natives enslaved, causing many to die from disease Slaves brought in from Africa Did not find gold or silver Sugar became in high demand, so Portugal made a lot of money from Brazil Lived on coast because the rain forests in the interior made farming difficult Slaves were from Africa, millions of Brazilians are of mixed European, African and native ancestry

Brazilian Independence? 1815: Brazilians demanded freedom Portugal wanted Brazil to remain a colony Petition signed asking the Prince of Portugal (king’s son) Dom Pedro to rule as an independent country Agreed and in Sept 1822 declared independence Portuguese colony from 1500 to 1822

National Culture of Brazil? Home to many immigrants from Portugal, Germany, Italy, & Spain Largely a Catholic nation, or African religions mixed with Catholicism Capital of Brazil is Brasilia Capital placed 600 miles inland to attract people to the interior Architect Oscar Niemeyer designed the capital Largest Japanese population outside of Japan

Economic Power Hydroelectric power is largely used Brazil is one of the most industrialized countries in South America Largest steel plants that make cars that run on ethanol Increased urbanization However, the government is trying to push moving to the interior The cerrado provides farmland Many move to improve their economic situation Ethanol is made from sugar cane and cheaper than imported oil In 2008, 86% of Brazilians lived in cities

Brazilian life today Michel Temer is the current president of Brazil Brasilia (capital) is the political centre, Sao Paulo is its economic heart, and Rio is the cultural centre In Rio, many live in favelas, a.k.a. poor slums Carnival is a feast day in Brazil where people ride on floats and dance in the streets Samba is a genre of music and dance that is from Brazil but has roots in Africa and the slave trade Capoeira is a martial arts form that combines acrobatics, dance and music. Sometimes referred to as a game

Classwork Instructions: On a separate sheet of paper, copy down and answer the following questions IN COMPLETE SENTENCES 1. What is the Treaty of Tordesillas? 2. Describe what happened to the natives after the Portuguese moved towards the interior of Brazil? 3. What has made Brazil an economic power? 4. Why are the cerrados important to Brazil? Explain. 5. What are some natural resources that can be found in Brazil? 6. What were the Portuguese hoping to find in Brazil? What did they end up doing instead?

Modern Day Latin American issues Unit 3 Day 8

Losing the rainforests? Farming vs discovery Biodiversity: wide range of plant and animal species Nearly 50 million acres were destroyed EVERY YEAR Need for timber is great New discoveries of plants and animal species Have to compete with timber farming and crop farming Many natives clear the rainforest not realizing that the soil is not very fertile Every day, some 80,000 acres of tropical rainforests are cleared, and another equivalent amount is degraded. Cures for childhood diseases and curing hypertension just to name a few cures.

Impact of deforestation? Global warming: less carbon dioxide taken out of atmosphere = rising temps Destroying advancements Difficult to balance economy and preserving the rainforest Debt for nature swap Paying off Latin American debt to preserve parts of rainforests Successful in Bolivia

Gaining the right to vote? Shown little support of democratic rule until recently Junta (HOONtah)-- harsh government run by generals Caudillo (kowDEEyoh)-- military dictator or political boss Reform and educating the voters Land reform gives land to peasants 30,000 missing from Argentina in the 1970’s and 1980’s Caudillo was sometimes elected by the people! Used corruption, greed and wealth to maintain power. Juan Peron in Argentina.

Modern Issues of Latin America in no particular order Drug Economy Corruption Separation of Wealth Environmental destruction Womens’ Rights and Rights in General Inner turmoil and violence

Should the United States assist Latin America? How? Exit Slip What are some of the effects the Brazilian people have had on their environment? Should the United States assist Latin America? How? (Be Descriptive as to why Yes or NO)