Item 4 Integrating cities in thematic data collections Teodora Brandmuller, Eurostat Unit E4 Laura de Dominicis and Hugo Poelman, DG REGIO Unit B1 NUAC meeting 17/06/2019, Brussels

Content Demography Tourism Business demography LFS

Demography

Background Task Force on a new legal base for post-census European population statistics (ESOP) set up Discussed cities and FUAs as potential output geography Written consultations Questionnaire on the availability of data on cities and functional urban areas

Key aims of the draft regulation Provide a long-term framework for European Population Statistics Covering annual, multi-annual and ad hoc data collections Flexibility to allow incremental development over time… Balanced by key considerations of availability of appropriate data sources and need to limit burdens on NSIs A single common legal base for European population statistics, covering and superseding: Regulation (EU) 1260/2013 on demographic statistics Regulation (EC) 763/2008 on census statistics Article 3 of Regulation (EC) 862/2007 on migration statistics Population-related parts of City Statistics 1 km square grid data Comparability, coherence Common concepts and definitions across all population-related statistics

Post-2021 annual requirements Mandatory Current requirements under reg.1260/2013 and Art 3 of 862/2007 – minor changes Additional mandatory More detailed migration data Geo-referenced data under reg. 2018/1799 to be available annually Population by age and sex on LAU level Some City and FUA data – others "as far as possible! Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2018/1799 of 21 November 2018 on the establishment of a temporary direct statistical action for the dissemination of selected topics of the 2021 population and housing census geocoded to a 1 km2 grid (Text with EEA relevance.) https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:32018R1799&from=EN "As far as possible" means mandatory if the data are available in the reporting country (like in the 2021 grid Reg. 2018/1799)

Consultation on data availability at CITY and FUAs levels – Jan/Feb 2019 Questions covered 23 breakdowns Availability by 2024 Availability in the longer run Replies: 26 Member States, 3 EFTA, 2 enlargement

Expected data availability by 2024 Around 79% of the requested information (breakdown x country) will be available

Availability by 2024 (1) High availability (>=22 MS) population: age, sex, country of citizenship, country of birth live birth, infant death, death – all breakdowns Middle availability (18 -21 MS) population: current activity status, place of residence, industry, education Low availability (<16 MS) population: household status household dwelling

Criteria for inclusion in ESOP implementing Regulation High availability by 2024: annually available in high proportion of MS proposed for annual collection starting with 2024 further support & capacity building actions possible Medium availability by 2024 non-mandatory annual data collection ("as far as possible") exception: Place of usual residence one year prior to the census (ROY) proposed for the mandatory data collection (justified by importance for policy needs) Low availability not included in the annual collection proposal will be considered later

Tourism ©Christophe Demunter

Background Tourism statistics is covered by Regulation (No) 692/2011 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 6 July 2011 concerning European Statistics on tourism Data on tourism supply (accommodation, collected from businesses in NACE 55.1, 55.2 and 55.3) Data on tourism demand (collected from households/individuals) Additional data based on other official statistics (SBS, STS, LFS, BOP), e.g. on tourism employment or on the economic dimension of tourism

Adaptation of Regulation 692/2011 Why? - motivations Seven data collection waves since entry into force The tourism sector has continued to evolve, which leads to new or other priorities Technical developments lead to efficiency gains in data compilation Fieldwork experiences revealed some weaknesses Secure the relevance and quality of objective, independent, impartial European statistics on tourism Satisfying the user needs in a more competitive data world where official statistics is no longer 'the' source but 'a' source

Adaptation of Regulation 692/2011 How? – legal instrument Delegated act When? - timetable October 2018: discussion at the WG on Tourism Statistics Nov-Dec 2018: further WG consultations on revised proposals January 2019: TF to fine-tune outstanding issues Feb-Mar 2019: formal WG consultation ("Expert Group") Mar-June 2019: formal consultations of Director Groups (BSDG), ESSC and Commission services (ISC) July-Sep 2019: EP and Council scrutiny Sep-Oct 2019: adoption, publication, entry into force

Adaptation of Regulation 692/2011 What? 4 main areas, of which one relating to regional data Tourism is often a regional, local phenomenon with strong subnational user needs, even at destination level Current coverage: annual accommodation statistics at NUTS2 regional level further broken down by degree of urbanisation and by coastal/non-coastal areas

Adaptation of Regulation 692/2011 Better geographical (and temporal) granularity of accommodation statistics Regional data broken down by month (now: only annual data) Combined breakdown of 'degurba' and 'coastal/non- coastal' (now: transmitted separately but not combined, e.g. for rural coastal areas) NUTS3 data (now: NUTS2 data) Cities data (new ; data for capital cities and the most important cities for each country)

Better geographical and temporal granularity Cities data Cities play an important role in European tourism; in many countries a few cities dominate the tourism flows Capital regions are among the top visited regions in the EU, but such information is only available when a city overlaps with a NUTS2 region Initial proposal focused on capital cities and large cities in terms of population Working Group argued for including 'smaller' cities that are important tourism destinations (e.g. Bruges)

Better geographical and temporal granularity Cities data PROPOSAL Annual data on nights spent at tourism accommodation, broken down by residents/non-residents, including at least the capital city; and all cities with 200.000 inhabitants or more; and those cities that, jointly, account for 90% of the annual nights spent at tourism accommodation in cities in the country.

Better geographical and temporal granularity Revision of the legal basis is an intermediate phase: Obtaining more granular data From existing traditional sources without extra respondent burden Future: Obtain more granular data using innovative sources and methods, e.g. mobile network operator data

Business demography

Policy relevance of Business Demography at the subnational level In the current period (2014-2020), Cohesion Policy focuses heavily on supporting innovative and high growth firms. It will support more than 2 million enterprises to increase their competitiveness, develop products, find new markets and create new jobs, with around EUR 50 billion allocated to SMEs competitiveness. Support to SMEs will remain a crucial pillar of Cohesion Policy post-2020. Cities in the European Union are becoming more and more an important area of policy intervention, as indicated by the Urban Agenda for the EU. Most cities and functional urban areas grow faster in terms of population than the rest of their country. Since 2000, metro regions concentrate an increasing number of jobs. Cities also play an important command and control function with the headquarters of many enterprises located in a city and especially the capital.

Regional business demography: Background First data collection launched in 2012, with a complete NUTS breakdown Current state of play: The most recent data for 2016 reference year were provided to Eurostat by the end of October 2018 on a voluntary basis from 16 countries (AT, BG, CZ, EE, ES, FI, FR, HR, HU, IT, LV, LT, PO, PT, RO, and SK). For 2015 as well as a total 13 countries have provided the data => increase of 3 countries compared to 2016

Regional business demography: Background Voluntary data collection of regional business demography – even though not covering the full scope of EU countries - is a backbone for multiple regional analyses carried out by DG REGIO and OECD as well as the Eurostat Regional Yearbook All maps from the Regional yearbook are included in the Eurostat Statistical atlas, where the user can explore all maps interactively

Call for grants: objectives One of the key objectives of this grant is to help the countries to prepare for the Framework Regulation Integrating Business Statistics (FRIBS) which has the regional Business Demography as a mandatory part of annual data collection. As it looks now the first mandatory data collection will be for the reference year 2021. With this grant DG REGIO aims at expanding the country coverage of Regional Business Demography data collection before the FRIBS will be implemented.

Call for grants: description Open to EU NSIs. Support EU NSIs to set up a sustainable system for efficient annual production of business demography indicators at the sub-national level, in view also of the adoption of the FRIBS. Collecting regional business demography data for reference years 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019 and finally 2020 with a complete NUTS breakdown o(NUTS 2016 classification for all data submitted before 1 January 2021 and NUTS 2021 for all data submitted from 1 January 2021 onwards). Support NSIs to conduct a pilot exercise to collect a simplified set of business demography indicators (no size or NACE breakdown) for reference years 2013 – 2020 at the City and Functional Urban Area (FUA) level.

Call for grants: 3 Working Packages WP1: collecting business demography data at the sub-national level for reference years 2013, 2014, 2015, and 2016, with a complete NUTS breakdown using the NUTS classification in force. The current version in NUTS 2016. A revision may come into force for reference year 2020. WP2: collecting business demography data at the sub-national level for reference years 2017, 2018, 2019 and 2020, with a complete NUTS breakdown using the NUTS classification in force. The current version in NUTS 2016. A revision may come into force for reference year 2020. WP3: collecting a basic set of business demography data at the sub-national level for cities and FUAs, for the reference years 2013-2020 (shorter periods will also be possible).

Data collection All enterprises: The data collection at the city and FUAs level (WP3) will request data for (no size or NACE breakdown): All enterprises: Population of active enterprises in t Nr. of births of enterprises in t Nr. of deaths of enterprises in t Nr. of high growth enterprises measured in employment (growth by 10% or more) Nr. of employees in the population of active enterprises in t Nr. of employees in the population of births in t Nr. of employees in the population of deaths in t Employer enterprises: same variables as in 1-7 are required (no high-growth firms).

Approximate timetable: The action is expected to start in fourth quarter of 2019. Estimated duration of the action is 36 months.

Labour market

Labour market Can the availability of labour market indicators by city and FUA be improved? Exploratory project by a consortium of NSIs: NL, FR, DE, BE, AT Can the Labour Force Survey (LFS) provide a (limited) set of annual indicators, in particular for FUAs? Unemployment rate Employment rate Educational attainment level of working-age population

Using LFS data: constraints Sample and weighting schemes are not designed to produce results for FUAs or cities Impact on the reliability of the results Issues in case of smaller FUAs (< 200k) Difficulties in case of unemployment rate Design and sample size deemed inappropriate for FUA estimates (France) Methodological adaptations needed, e.g. calibration of sampling weights; use of administrative sources

Using LFS data: opportunities Estimates feasible for larger FUAs Quality of the estimates can be improved by using small-area estimation techniques, combining LFS with administrative sources Methods need to be adapted to each national data context Involve the NSIs (in particular LFS experts) to ensure maximum reliability of a (limited) set of variables for FUAs