Congressional Approval of Indian Water Rights Settlements Native American Rights Fund Western States Water Council Symposium on Indian Water Settlements

Settlement Approval Challenges Bishop Process 1990 Criteria and Procedures Criterion 4, 5 Narrow legal focus on U.S. liability Often deployed as means of objecting to settlements or for political leverage Trust fund model? Unreliable future funding streams (discretionary funds will be inadequate)

Addressing Funding Challenges Chairman Grijalva’s H.R. 1904/Sen. Udall’s S. 3168 Extends the Reclamation Water Settlement Fund beyond the current expiration in 2029 provides $120 million per year in mandatory funding to implement settlements Ensures a predictable, reliable funding stream for current and future Indian water rights settlements (not subject to unpredictable annual appropriations) Alleviates the pressure on the Department of the Interior’s discretionary appropriations to implement Indian water rights settlements Version passed through Senate Indian Affairs Committee under leadership of Chairman Hoeven and Vice-Chairman Udall Percent of Annual Reclamation Water and Related Resources Spending on Indian Water Rights Settlements

Overcoming Challenges in Congress Engagement with Indian Country allies on Capitol Hill (Both Rep. and Dem.) Cultivating New Champions (50+ new House Members every Congress) Consistent Message Communication Settlements important for tribal economic development, public health, water supply certainty for Western communities Settlements support values of treaty rights, tribal sovereignty, and trust responsibility Historically Settlements = Net-Benefit for Taxpayers

Good Messengers Tribes (“Suit Up and Show Up”) Governors’ Offices Coalition of other supporters (e.g., water districts, NGOs, etc.) Tribal Organizations (e.g. NARF, NCAI)

Evaluating Settlements Long-term water supply reliability? Tribal support? State and local support? Administration support? NGOs?

Wrapping it All Up Despite Challenges, settlement approval is possible Will require persistence, patience, good communication, and engagement with allies in both parties In the medium and long-term, more reliable funding streams will be essential for future settlements