BCAA Degradation during TAG Accumulation

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BCAA Degradation during TAG Accumulation BCAA Degradation during TAG Accumulation.(A) Pathways of BCAA degradation in P. tricornutum. BCAA Degradation during TAG Accumulation.(A) Pathways of BCAA degradation in P. tricornutum. Overexpressed proteins detected by proteomic analysis are shown in pink, transcriptionally upregulated genes are in red, and the transcriptionally upregulated BCAT, which was also upregulated in the proteomic data, is in brown. HIBCH, 3-hydroxyisobutyryl-CoA hydrolase; ACAT, acetyl-CoA C-acyltransferase; MMSDH, methylmalonate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase; ALDH, aldehyde dehydrogenase; PCC, propionyl-CoA carboxylase; MCM, methylmalonyl-CoA mutase; IPMS, 2-isopropylmalate synthase; IPMDH, isopropylmalate dehydratase; IPMDCase, 3-isopropylmalate dehydrogenase.(B) Transcriptional fold changes of BCAT2, BCAT3, BCKDH1 (α-subunit of BCKDH), and MCC2 (β-subunit of MCC) at 48, 60, 84, or 108 h relative to 36 h. Gene expression levels were normalized to the expression of the histone H4 gene. Error bars represent se of triplicate technical replicates of duplicate cultures (n = 2).(C) Immunoblotting analysis of protein levels of BCAT2, BCAT3, BCKDH1, and MCC2 at 36 and 60 h. Cell lysate aliquots were made and normalized by intracellular protein concentration. Fold increases of protein levels from 36 to 60 h, determined using Image J software, are also shown. Normalization is shown in Supplemental Figure 6. Feng Ge et al. Plant Cell 2014;26:1681-1697 ©2014 by American Society of Plant Biologists