7th East African Health & Scientific Conference 12/9/2019 March 2019 7th East African Health & Scientific Conference Digital Health Revolution: Health in the context of the 4th industrial revolution Henry Mwanyika, PhD Regional Director - Africa Center of Digital Excellence PATH

History of Digital Health

4th Industrial Revolutions

1st and 2nd Industrial Evolution The first, second and third industrial revolution changed little to nothing in the how health care was delivered. Physicians saw their patient at their homes during the first and second revolution. No steam engine or electricity needed. 

3rd Industrial Revolution Physicians saw clients in their offices and document what they do in a computer. The work itself and the nature of the visits remained unaffected. Improved continuum of care Easy to track defaulters

3rd Industrial Revolution cont… Increasing use of patient level information systems From EMR to disease registries Focus on healthcare delivery and not data collection Frontline HCW produce data as a result of good work they do Interoperability Moving away from data collection to data sharing Data use at the source Visualization Targeted health information

4th Industrial Revolution Concepts such as the internet of things, robotics, 3D Printing, and wearables Clients can monitor their own health which will impact how clinicians interact with clients. Complex procedures can be practiced, multiple times, before being performed. The artificial intelligence to improve patient outcome Using 3D Printing to build organs Robotics to replace human in surgery

How does the future look like.. Effective Management of chronic illnesses. Clinicians will be able to diagnose illness much faster, apply personalized treatment plans, and monitor the progress of patients in real time. Empower patients to take a greater role in their healthcare. As patients become better informed they will demand to be part of the conversation on their treatment plans.   New data will allow for large leaps forward in medical research. Greater quantities of relevant data could allow for innovations that will allow clinicians to predict illnesses before they happen. Faster and more widespread connectivity will have a profound impact on hospital infrastructure. will allow for groundbreaking medical procedures such as remote robotic surgery Emerging technologies will decrease healthcare inequality. Faster and more widespread connectivity, will allow world-class healthcare to be provided more affordably to more people. New technology will decrease the cost of healthcare. New technology, especially biometric sensors, will allow for earlier diagnosis and treatment, saving resources in in-patient chronic treatments. Creation of equal quality healthcare in both urban and rural areas. Greatest impediment to healthcare in rural areas is lack of connectivity, which can be solved with 5g networks. 

Focus should be on a client and not data or technology