Authoritarian Regimes Communist Russia
Communism
Communism Thought that - workers would rise up against the rich overthrow the government create a new society in which wealth is shared equally among the people A communist society German thinker Karl Marx
Russia, 1917 Tsar Nicholas II http://youtube.com/watch?v=ak2AgUpZq-k http://youtube.com/watch?v=TfpapGE03oY http://youtube.com/watch?v=JPYt9k6O0RY http://youtube.com/watch?v=Zf3DcTksPgs http://youtube.com/watch?v=o_wNAOJTwbQ Tsar Nicholas II
St. Petersburg / Petrograd
What led to the rise of Communism? Russians wanted Tsar to end the war Impact of WWI Russian soldiers unhappy – ill-equipped, shortage of food Shortage of food – supplies channeled to the warfront
What led to the rise of Communism? Farmers wanted fairer distribution of land Socio-political reasons People wanted a fairer government
Tsar What does this source tell you about Russian society in 1917? Aristocrats Middle Class Workers
February - March1917 Tsar forced to abdicate. Provisional government set up.
Provisional Government
Failure of Provisional Government Chose to keep Russia in the war No land reforms Struggle for power with soviets Government comprised rich landowners Russia continued to get defeated by Germany Soviet = Groups of Russian workers, peasants and soldiers
October 1917 Revolution Struggle for power between provisional government and Russian army Provisional government turns to Petrograd Soviet (Bolsheviks) for help Bolsheviks formed the Red Army and defeated the Russian army Bolsheviks seize power and overthrow the government Lenin (leader of the Bolsheviks) establishes the world’s first Communist regime. - Pulled Russia out of the war
Vladimir Lenin
Vladimir Lenin
Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR), 1924
Leon Trotsky
Joseph Stalin
Lev Kamenev
Grigory Zinoviev
The Rise of Stalin World War I Food Shortages Russians lost faith in the government World War I Strikes and Riots Life was difficult Rising Number of Dead February Revolution October Revolution and the rise of the Bolsheviks Weakness of Provisional Government Death of Lenin USSR under Lenin Abdication of the Tsar Power Struggle Formation of Provisional Government Rise of Stalin Stalin becomes leader of the USSR
How Did Stalin Rise to Power? Position as Secretary General Weakness of his rivals Stalin’s cunning Popularity of Stalin’s ideas Position as Secretary General Weakness of his rivals Stalin’s cunning
Impact of Stalin’s Rule Industralisation Collectivization Terror State Control over culture