Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)-knockout (KO) mice were partially protect against rotenone-induced enteric glial inflammation and α-syn expression in the colon. Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)-knockout (KO) mice were partially protect against rotenone-induced enteric glial inflammation and α-syn expression in the colon. Photomicrographs represent histology for (A) GFAP and (C) α-syn markers in colon. (B) Quantitative analyses of optical density (OD) data for GFAP in myenteric plexuses and (D) OD data for α-syn expression in myenteric plexuses. Scale bars A(d), C(d)=100 µm. Scale bar in panel represents 100 µm. *P<0.05, ***p<0.0001. Data represented as mean+SEM. Paula Perez-Pardo et al. Gut 2019;68:829-843 Copyright © BMJ Publishing Group Ltd & British Society of Gastroenterology. All rights reserved.