Knock-in of the rpl42-P56Q mutation using the split-ura4 system.

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Knock-in of the rpl42-P56Q mutation using the split-ura4 system. Knock-in of the rpl42-P56Q mutation using the split-ura4 system. A. Sequences of the rpl42 gene and the donor DNA for introducing the rpl42-P56Q mutation. In the rpl42 sequence, the PAM sequence is shaded in gray and the two invariable guanines in the PAM are highlighted in magenta, the sgRNA target sequence is indicated by a red arrow, and the cleavage site is indicated by a black arrowhead. The editing site (codon to be changed by the knock-in) is boxed. In the donor DNA sequence, the altered nucleotides are highlighted in blue and the altered codon is boxed. T171G is a silent mutation designed to increase the chance of the rpl42-P56Q mutation being incorporated during homologous recombination. However, we later found that a donor without the T171G mutation was equally effective in knocking in the rpl42-P56Q mutation (data not shown). B. Representative plate images from an rpl42-P56Q knock-in experiment using the split-ura4 system. The images at the top show the Ura+ transformant colonies formed on selective plates lacking uracil, and the images at the bottom show the CYHR colonies formed after replica plating transformant colonies onto YES plates containing cycloheximide (CYH, 100 µg/ml). A small transformant colony with the desired genome editing outcome (CYHR) is indicated by a green arrowhead, and a rare large transformant colony without the desired genome editing outcome is indicated by a red arrowhead. Only small colonies were considered when calculating the transformation efficiency and the editing efficiency. PCR and Sanger sequencing analysis of 16 CYHR colonies confirmed the presence of the rpl42-P56Q mutation in all of their genomes. C. Quantitation of the editing efficiencies and the transformation efficiencies of the rpl42-P56Q knock-in experiments. Cas9 and sgRNA were introduced into the cells using either the gap repair procedure (split-ura4 system, 30 ng of the gapped plasmid and 200 ng of the sgRNA insert) or a cloned Cas9-sgRNA plasmid pDB4284 (30 ng). Donor DNA was provided as two 90-nt complementary oligos (0.3 nmol each). Transformation efficiencies were expressed as colony forming units (CFU) per OD600 unit of cells. Editing efficiencies were expressed as percentages of Ura+ transformant colonies that are also CYHR. Error bars represent the standard deviation from at least three biological replicates. Xiao-Ran Zhang et al. G3 2018;8:2067-2077 ©2018 by Genetics Society of America