What happened just now? What will you do in such a situation?

As we know, accidents may happen at any time As we know, accidents may happen at any time. Many people died because they were not treated in time. If we knew how to give first aid, more lives would be saved.

Unit 5 First aid

What is first aid? a temporary form of help First aid is ______________________ given to someone who suddenly _______ or ___________ before a doctor can be found. gets injured falls ill

Do you think first aid is important? Do you know how to give first aid?

First aid quiz: 1.What should you do if you find a person whose leg is bleeding? A. Tie a piece of cloth round the leg above the bleeding point. B. Press firmly on the bleeding point using a clean handkerchief 2.What should you do if you find a person who has stopped breathing? A. Run and find help. B. Try to start his/her breathing. B B

3. What should you do if a person has drunk poison by mistake. A 3. What should you do if a person has drunk poison by mistake? A. Make the person throw up. B. Take the person and the poison container to the hospital at once. 4. What should you do if you find a person who has been hurt in a car accident? A. Leave him/her in the car. B. Pull the person out of the car. 5. What should you do if you find a person with a knife in his/her back? A. Leave the knife in. B. pull out the knife. B A A

Pre-reading What has happened? What kind of first aid would you perform in this situation?

Reading First Aid for Burns

1. In which order are these topics covered in the text 1. In which order are these topics covered in the text? Number them from 1 to 5. ____ the three types of burns ____ what to do if someone gets burned ____ the functions of skin ____ the symptoms of burns ____ how we get burns 3 5 1 4 2

The functions of skin: Protect you against , and ; 2) Keep you or ; 3) Prevent you from ; 4) Give you . poisons diseases the sun’s harmful rays warm cool losing water sense of touch

Type Effect Example First degree burns Affect both the top and the second layer of the skin. Burns caused by electric shocks, burning clothes, or severe petrol fires. mild sunburn, burns caused by touching a hot pan or iron for a moment Affect only the top layer of the skin. Second degree burns Severe sunburn, burns caused by hot liquids Affect all three layers of the skin and any tissue and organs under the skin. Third degree burns

Treatment type First degree Burns Second degree burns Third degree burns 1. Place cool, clean, wet clothes on them until the pain is not so bad. 2. Keep cloths cool by putting them back in the cold water; squeezing them out and placing them on the burned area over and over again for about an hour until the pain is not so bad. 3. Get the victim to the doctor or hospital

2.Label these pictures with first degree burn, second degree burn and third degree burn.

Questions 1.Why should you put cold water on a burn? 2.Why doesn’t a third degree burn hurt? 3.Why do you think clothes and jewellery near burns should be removed? 4.If someone has a third degree burn, why might you see tissue?

1. Why should you put cold water on a burn? 2. Why doesn’t a third degree burn hurt? Because the cold water stop the burning process, stop the pain and reduces the swelling. Because in a third degree burn the nerves are damaged. If there are no nerves, there is no pain.

Because this may break any blisters and the wound may get infected. 3. Why do you think clothes and jewellery near burns should be removed? 4. If someone has a third degree burn, why might you see tissue? Because this may break any blisters and the wound may get infected. Because these affect all three layers of the skin and any tissue and organs under the skin.

4. Discuss in groups of four to see whether the following is right or wrong. If it’s wrong, explain why and give the correct statement. 1. Sam knocked over a kettle full of boiling water onto this legs. His legs became red, swollen and covered with blisters. Sam broke the blisters and poured icy water from the fridge onto the skin. ( ) W

Discuss in groups of four to see whether the following is right or wrong. If it’s wrong, explain why and give the correct statement. 2. While ironing clothes, Miss Good accidentally touched the iron. Her wrist blistered and became watery. It hurt a lot. She put her wrist under the cold water tap and then kept placing cool, clean, damp cloths on it until it was less painful. Then she went to see the doctor. ( ) R

3. Mrs Casey’s sleeve caught fire while she was cooking 3. Mrs Casey’s sleeve caught fire while she was cooking. Her arm looked terrible but it didn’t hurt. The skin was charred. Her husband took off her blouse and picked off bits of the blouse stuck to the burn. He then placed butter on the burn and covered it with a wet bandage. ( ) W

4. After an hour in the sun, Lily noticed her arms were red and hurt a bit. She went home and put them under cool running water. ( ) R

Learning about language 1 Language points in Reading

Language points for Reading 1. It keeps you warm or cool; it prevents your body from losing too much water; it is where you feel cold, heat or pain; and it gives you your sense of touch. keep you warm or cool 为keep复合结构，即keep+宾语+宾补。使处于某种状态……。宾补除由形容词充当之外，还可用名词，现在分词，过去分词，介词短语，副词来充当。

This coat will keep you warm. This story will keep the children amused. The illness kept her in hospital. I’m sorry to keep you waiting. prevent sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事 What can we do to prevent this disease spreading? She was prevented from taking the exam by illness.

sense of touch 触觉 sense of sight 视觉 sense of hearing 听觉 sense of taste 味觉 sense of smell 嗅觉 sense of humour 幽默感 sense of beauty 美感 sense of direction 方向感 sense of urgency 紧迫感

2. Burns are called first, second or third degree, depending on which layers of the skin are burned.

depend on 相信，依赖，依靠 You can’t depend on John-he nearly always arrive late. The country depends heavily on its tourist trade. The amount you pay depends on where you live.

3. Examples include burns caused by electric shocks, burning clothes or severe petrol fires. 例如由电击引起的烧伤，因衣服起火引起的烧伤，或由汽油起火引起的烧伤。 electric (1) 用电的，电动的 an electric clock 电钟 an electric fire 电炉 (2) 电的，发电的，带电的 electric power 电力 an electric storm 电闪雷鸣般的暴风雨 (3) 令人兴奋的 His speech had an electric effect on the crowd.

squeeze (1) vt. 压，挤，榨 He squeezed her arm sympathetically. squeeze +n.+adv.&prep She squeezed the water out of the sponge.

(3) vi. 挤入，塞，用于 squeeze+ adv./prep. squeeze+adj.+adv./prep. Is the car full or can I squeeze in? He was so fat that he could not just squeeze through the door.

Learning about language 2 Discovering useful words and expressions:

2 Complete the sentences with new words or phrases from the unit. 1 When do you need to use your knowledge about______ ______? When someone suddenly ____________or has an accident. 2 What is the ______? It is an organ which acts as a ____________ against disease, poisons and the sun’s harmful ____________. 3 Why are the functions of the skin described as _______ ? It keeps you warm or cool; it prevents your body from losing too much water and provides you with your ________________ of touch. first aid falls ill skin barrier rays complex sense

tissue 4. What can hurt the _______________ of the skin? Hot ___________ from pans on the stove, electric shocks, radiation, fire and the sun. liquid 5 .What is it ________ to do if you have third degree burns? Go to the hospital. 6. What are the __________ of first degree burns? They are dry, red, and mildly ___________. vital symptoms swollen

Complete the passage using the words or phrases provided in their proper forms. 3 bandage over and over again unbearable scissors in place squeeze out blisters temporary ankle cupboard Emma had a mild accident. She burned her ______ when she knocked some hot liquid over herself. At first the pain was ___________ but fortunately Luke knew what to do. He immediately provided some ____________ treatment using some cloths from the _________. He wetted them, ____________ the cold water and then placed them over her ankle. He did this ________________________ until the pain ankle unbearable temporary cupboard squeezed out over and over again

Complete the passage using the words or phrases provided in their proper forms. 3 bandage over and over again unbearable scissors in place squeeze out blisters temporary ankle cupboard disappeared. Then he dried the ankle gently to prevent ____________ from forming. Finally he took a pair of ___________ and cut a ____________ to the right length. Then he tied it tightly so that it would stay _________. Emma was very grateful to Luke for what he had done for her. blisters scissors bandage in place

1 Complete the table with the correct nouns, verbs or adjectives. Verb injury swollen bleed sprain poisonous injured injure swell swelling blood/bleeding blood/bleeding sprain sprained poison poison

1 Complete the table with the correct nouns, verbs or adjectives. Verb variety organic choke water infect vary various organize organ choke choked water watery infection Infected/infectious

For second degree burns, keep cloths cool by putting them back in a basin of cold water, squeezing them out and placing them on the burned area over and over again for about an hour until the pain is not so bad. 对于二度烧伤，要保持湿布清凉，需把湿布放回冷水中，拧出水后放在烧伤面上，这样要反反复复地做一个小时左右，直到不太痛时为止。