The Production of Proteins by DNA

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Presentation transcript:

The Production of Proteins by DNA Protein Synthesis The Production of Proteins by DNA

Protein Synthesis occurs in 2 stages Transcription Re-writes it, transcribes it. 2. Translation The genetic code is translated into a new language, protein language!

Transcription A process of copying the DNA nucleotide sequence onto mRNA (messenger RNA)

Steps of Transcription 1. DNA molecule unzips in region of 1 gene 2. mRNA nucleotides attach in base pairs to exposed nitrogen bases of DNA. Polymerase helps. 3. Nucleotides attach to form a single strand. mRNA molecule detaches from DNA and travels to a ribosome in the cell.

Translation A process of translating the mRNA strand into a series of amino acids that will join together to form a protein.

The mRNA, now outside the nucleus is sectioned into Codons The mRNA, now outside the nucleus is sectioned into Codons. ( A set of 3 nucleotides) Another molecule tRNA (transfer RNA) brings amino acids to the mRNA strand. The tRNA has an anticodon that pairs up with the mRNA codon.

Steps of Translation 4. mRNA attaches to ribosome. 5. tRNA picks up amino acids in cell 6. tRNA with amino acid attached moves to mRNA. Anticodons match up with codons. 7. Amino acids bond together to form a protein. 8. tRNA leaves to find another amino acid

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