DNA components.

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Presentation transcript:

DNA components

Outline DNA Review DNA components References

Outline DNA Review DNA components References

DNA Review Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is a nucleic acid containing the genetic instructions used in the development and functioning of all known living organisms.

DNA Review A DNA molecule consists of two long polynucleotide chains composed of four types of nucleotide subunits.

Outline DNA Review DNA components References

DNA components DNA is composed of: phosphate group sugar nitrogen base.

1 – Phosphate group A Phosphate group is negatively charged and gives DNA molecules a negative charge.

2 – 5 Carbon sugar 5 carbon sugar Sugars are molecules made up of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen with molecular formulas that are usually some multiple of CH2O. In DNA, the sugars are closed to form ring structures. DNA contains the 5 carbon sugar , deoxyribose (hence the name deoxyribonucleic acid) . The deoxy prefix refers to the fact that deoxyribose is missing one of the oxygens (represented by the letter O) found in ribose.

2 – 5 Carbon sugar

3 – Nitrogen bases Adenine (A) Cytosine (C) Guanine (G) Thymine (T) Four different nitrogen bases are found in DNA. Adenine (A) Cytosine (C) Guanine (G) Thymine (T)

Adenine (A) Adenine (A, Ade) is a nucleobase (a purine derivative). Its derivatives have a variety of roles in biochemistry including cellular respiration, in the form of both the energy- rich adenosine triphosphate (ATP) . It has functions in protein synthesis and as a chemical component of DNA and RNA.

Cytosine (C) Cytosine ( C) is one of the four main bases found in DNA and RNA, It is a pyrimidine derivative, with a heterocyclic aromatic ring and two substituents attached

Guanine (G) Guanine (G, Gua) is one of the four main nucleobases found in the nucleic acids DNA and RNA, In DNA, guanine is paired with cytosine. The guanine nucleoside is called guanosine. With the formula C5H5N5O, guanine is a derivative of purine

Thymine (T) Thymine (T, Thy) is one of the four nucleobases in the nucleic acid of DNA . Thymine is also known as 5-methyluracil Thymine is a pyrimidine nucleobase.

DNA nitrogen bases

DNA components

Outline DNA Review DNA components References

References www.presentationszone.com www.wikibedia.org www.medicine.jrank.org.com www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.com www.colorado.edu.com