Migration Learning Target #1
Why do people move? Immigration – Moving INTO an area Emigration – Leaving (EXITING) an area Migration – Moving within the same area
Push v. Pull Push: Force people to move Pull: Pull people to move
Push Pull JOBS Famine or Drought Political Fear Slavery or Forced Labor Poor Medical Care Loss of Wealth Natural Disasters Lack of Political or Religious Freedom Pollution Poor Housing Landlord/Tenant Issues Bullying Discrimination War/Civil War Better living conditions Political and/or religious freedom Enjoyment Education Better Medical Care Attractive Climates Security Family Connections
Key Factors Social – How people interact Economic – How money is made and shared Political – How it affects governments Environmental – How it affects the physical area
Social Factors How groups of people interact Ethnical and Racial Tensions Religious _________ Family Connections
Political Factors Forced Political Migrants Refugee: Forced to migrate to avoid conflict, natural disasters, cannot return for fear of life INTERNALLY Displaced Individual Similar to refugee but hasn’t left the country Asylum: Someone who has migrated to another country in hope of being recognized as a refugee
Environmental Factors Pushed from hard or hazardous regions Most Common: Water (Too much or too little) Pulled towards physically attractive regions Mountains, seasides, warm climates
Desire for JOBS (#1 Reason) Economic Factors Desire for JOBS (#1 Reason)
Obstacles to Immigration Intervening Obstacle In the past: Distance Connection to Model: Distance Decay
Today: Borders Example: Migrant needs a passport to legally emigrate from a country and a visa to legally immigrate to the new country Connection to Model: Time Space Compression
Where do people move?
“Laws of Migration” E. G. Ravenstein 19th Century Geography
Distance of Migrants Most migrants relocate a short distance and remain within the same country Long-distance migrants to other countries head for major centers of economic activities (Urban Areas) Most migration occurs in steps Most migration occurs from rural to urban
Reasons for Migrating Most people migrate for economic reasons Political and environment can also encourage people to move
Characteristics of Migrants Most migrants are males Most international migrants are young males, while more internal migrants are female
Imagine you are a “typical” immigrant according to Ravenstein’s Laws Imagine you are a “typical” immigrant according to Ravenstein’s Laws. How would you answer these questions?
Usually I migrate only a _________ distance Probably from the country to the _______
If I do travel internationally, I will go to a ___________
I probably will travel in ___________
I’m probably travelling to find a __________
I am probably a _______
Demographic Transition Model Population Explosion No Migration Population Decline Migration to Cities High Levels of Immigration High Levels of Emigration
Connection to Demographic Transition Model International migration usually occurs when a country is in stage 2 Internal migration is more important in stage 3 and 4
For each vocabulary word. . . Types of Migration For each vocabulary word. . . Write a description Create a visual reminder Give an example
Transnational or International Let’s analyze the prefixes Inter – Prefix International Trans - Prefix
Transnational or International – Moving into another country
Voluntary v. Forced Migration Voluntary – Choosing to migrate Usually motivated by PULL factors Forced – Not by choice Usually motivated by PUSH factors
Interregional v. Intraregional Go back to prefixes Inter – Between Intra – Within Interregional – Movement between regions Intraregional – Movement within a region Usually rural to urban
Chain Migration Move to location other family members moved to or where a connection exists
Step Migration Shorter migration to final destination
Seasonal Migration Move for a short period of time, then move to another location or back home
Movement from the country to cities Rural to Urban Movement from the country to cities Usually for jobs
Counter-Urbanization Move from Urban to Rural Mostly occurs in Western United States
What are consequences of migration? Learning Target #2
Let’s Look at the Global Scale First Historical Migration Let’s Look at the Global Scale First
Historic Migrations – African Slave Trade
Historic Migrations – Great Atlantic Migration
US Great Migration
Historic Migration – Post-World War II Resettlements
Historic Migration – Partition of India
Historic Migration – Chinese Urbanization
Analysis of Smaller Scale - US
US Historical Patterns of International Migration Colonies and Newly Formed US (1600-1700s) Two Main Regions Europe (90% from Britain) Sub-Saharan Africa Slave Trade
US Historical Patterns of International Migration 90% from Europe 1840s and 1850s: Germany and Ireland Irish Famine Germany: Political Unrest
US Historical Patterns of International Migration 1860s – Civil War
US Historical Patterns of International Migration 1870s: Germany and Ireland 1800s: Scandinavia 1905-1914: Southern and Eastern Europe
US Historical Patterns of International Migration After WWII (1950s to Today) Two Main Regions Asia Latin America
Demographic Transition Model Why did Europe stop large-scale immigration to the US in the mid-1900s? Why did Asia and Latin America begin large-scale immigration in the mid-1900s? Demographic Transition Model Population Explosion No Migration Population Decline Migration to Cities High Levels of Immigration High Levels of Emigration
Beginnings 1800-1840 1850-1890 1900-1940 1950-2010 Hugging the coast Crossing the Appalachians Rushing to the Gold Filling in the Great Plains Moving South
Map it Out Map and label the 5 main migration inside the United States
Global Migration Today 9% of the world’s people are international migrants TODAY: Three largest flows are Asia to Europe Asia to North America Latin America to North America
By percentage, Oil-rich countries of Middle East By numbers, U.S. has more foreign-born residence than any other country Australia and Canada follow By percentage, Oil-rich countries of Middle East Perform the dirty and dangerous function in the oil fields
Social How people interact
How do the following pictures show some of the social consequences of migration?
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Social - Consequences of Migration Changing Demographics Immigrants are young Seeking after jobs Women are increasing in immigration Therefore, # of children is also increasing Assimilation - Definition: Process where a person’s culture come to adopt those of another group
Economic $$$$
How do the following pictures show some of the economic consequences of migration?
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Economic Productive v. Dependency Group Immigration of Skilled Worker Immigration of Unskilled Workers Interaction with social services Brain Drain – Effect on immigrants country
Remittance – Transfer of money by a foreign worker to his or her home country
Political Deals with governments items
How do the following pictures show some of the political consequences of migration?
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Political Increasing role of borders Changing groups in the country Influence on politics
Environmental
Border and Construction Migration Paths Refugee Camps Resources and Carrying Capacity Interaction with birth rates and wealthier lifestyle