Alp1 induces ASM contraction.

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Alp1 induces ASM contraction. Alp1 induces ASM contraction. (A–C) Contraction of airways in PCLSs were determined at baseline and in response to CCh stimulation. Original magnification ×10. Results are expressed as the airway luminal area divided by area prior to stimulation. Data are mean ± SEM. of a minimum of 36 slices from four to eight mice per group evaluated in two or more independent experiments, fitted to a curve using the least-squares fit method. ****p < 0.0001, two-way ANOVA. (D) Contraction of human ASM cells were determined after a 24-h treatment with Alp1 (0.005 μg/ml) in the presence or absence of a Rho-kinase inhibitor (Y27632, 10 μM) for an additional 30 min. Results are mean ± SEM of strain energy (pJ) obtained over 16 separate regions of confluent ASM cells across four separate wells. ****p < 0.00001, two-way ANOVA, Tukey multiple comparisons. Jamie L. Redes et al. ImmunoHorizons 2019;3:368-377 Copyright © 2019 The Authors