The Unification of China Section 4 The Unification of China The social disorder of the warring states contributes to the development of three Chinese ethical systems. NEXT

I see… I think… I wonder…

Talk/Turn: With a table partner think of some other examples of government workers that we can find in our society

Confucian Ideas About Government SECTION 4 Confucius and the Social Order Confucian Ideas About Government • Teachings become foundation for bureaucracy, a trained civil service of skilled gov. workers • Confucianism teaches respect for parents/ancestors and strong relationships https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GbPKxnOMIuU NEXT

OR Other Ethical Systems Daoists Seek Harmony SECTION 4 Other Ethical Systems Daoists Seek Harmony • Daoism philosophy is to understand natural order and be free of desire • Daoists influence sciences, alchemy, astronomy, medicine Legalists Urge Harsh Rule • Legalism emphasizes the use of law to restore order; stifles criticism • Teaches that obedience should be rewarded, disobedience punished OR Continued . . . NEXT

Yin and Yang • Concept of yin and yang—two powers represent SECTION 4 Other Ethical Systems Yin and Yang • Concept of yin and yang—two powers represent rhythm of universe • Yin: cold, dark, soft, mysterious; yang: warm, bright, hard, clear • I Ching and yin and yang explain how people fit into the world NEXT

The Qin Dynasty Unifies China SECTION 4 The Qin Dynasty Unifies China The Qin Dynasty • Qin Dynasty replaces Zhou Dynasty in third century B.C. A New Emperor Takes Control • Emperor Shi Huangdi unifies China, defeats invaders, crushes opposition, conquers new lands • With legalist prime minister, murders Confucian scholars, burns books! • Establishes an autocracy, a government with unlimited power (rule of one) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nhfhtPcj3nw Continued . . . NEXT

SECTION 4 continued The Qin Dynasty Unifies China Great Wall of China • Emperor forces peasants to build Great Wall to keep out invaders NEXT

Han Emperors in China Section 3 The Han Dynasty expands China’s borders and develops a system of government that lasts for centuries. NEXT

The Han Restore Unity to China SECTION 3 The Han Restore Unity to China Troubled Empire • In Qin Dynasty peasants resent high taxes and harsh labor, rebel Liu Bang Founds the Han Dynasty • Han Dynasty—begins in 202 B.C., lasts 400 years • Liu Bang establishes centralized government—a central authority rules • Liu Bang lowers taxes and reduces Legalism's punishments to keep people happy Continued . . . NEXT

Han Technology, Commerce, and Culture SECTION 3 Han Technology, Commerce, and Culture Technology Revolutionizes Chinese Life • Invention of paper in A.D. 105 helps spread education • Two-bladed plow & wheelbarrow improve farming Agriculture Versus Commerce • As population grows, farming regarded as important activity • Techniques for producing silk become state secret as profits increase https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eO1E8x27LVE NEXT

Tang and Song China Section 1 During the Tang and Song dynasties, China experiences an era of prosperity and technological innovation. NEXT

Government Workers in Action! Great wages and benefits!

Strong Government The Tang Lose Power SECTION 1 continued The Tang Dynasty Expands China Strong Government • Tang rulers revive civil service examination system Growth of a strong governing group of citizens • Technically, exams open to all men, even commoners • Practically, only rich can afford necessary education to take exam The Tang Lose Power • Tang rulers increase taxes in mid-700s, causing hardship https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yguW_CsC4Qo NEXT

An Era of Prosperity and Innovation SECTION 1 An Era of Prosperity and Innovation Growth • Population doubles during Tang and Song Dynasties to 100 million • China becomes most populous country in the world Science and Technology • Chinese invent compass for the seas, mechanical clock, paper money • Movable type—blocks of individual characters— makes printing easier by using same letters to re- print something else Agriculture • Advances in farming contribute to population growth • Main advance: new strain of rice that produces two crops a year Continued . . . NEXT

Changes in Chinese Society SECTION 1 Changes in Chinese Society Levels of Society • Power of noble families fades • Wealthy scholar-officials form new upper class, called the gentry • Laborers, soldiers, peasants at bottom of social structure The Status of Women • Status of women always lower than men in China • Foot binding of upper-class girls becomes new custom https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8o5t01Sy9HM NEXT