59. Ghostly Gaze Illusion Shown to the right is an image created by Dr. Rob Jenkins. The picture is blurred but the lady is clearly looking to the right. Correct? Click the mouse sharpen the picture. Small shadows seen from a distance can be misleading. www.mastermathmentor.com

60. Autokinetic Illusion This is an animation, right? The heart is clearly getting larger. Wrong. It is a static image. The autokinetic effect (also referred to as autokinesis) is a phenomenon of visual perception in which a stationary, small point of light in an otherwise dark or featureless environment appears to move. It was first recorded by a Russian officer keeping watch, who observed illusory movement of a star near the horizon. The effect is well known as an illusion affecting pilots who fly at night. It is particularly dangerous for pilots flying in formation or rejoining a refueling tanker at night. www.mastermathmentor.com

61. Bobbing Eggs Illusion Shown to the right is an animation created by Emily Knight and Arthur Shapiro in 2007. It shows eggs bobbing in front of a background grating. The eggs are clearly moving up and down. Right? Watch for awhile and then click the mouse. There is no movement. The eggs are static. The bright part of the egg appears to move towards the bright part of the gradient and the dark part of the egg appears to move towards the dark part of the gradient. www.mastermathmentor.com

62. Curveball Illusion Shown to the right is a spinning baseball that is falling vertically. Watch it for several cycles and then click. Now abruptly shift your gaze from the baseball to the blue dot and watch the baseball shift direction. This is what happens to a hitter when he faces a curveball. The curve should appear gradual to the hitter but the flight of the ball often appears to undergo a discontinuous and dramatic shift in position. Kudos to Arthur Shapiro, Zhong-Lin Liu, Emily Knight and Robert Ennis for devising this illusion in 2009. Now gaze at the blue fixed point while keeping the baseball in your peripheral vision. Is it now falling vertically? www.mastermathmentor.com

63. Coffer Illusion Describe what you see in this image created by Anthony Norcia in 2006. But look more closely. There are 16 circles segmented from the background. The Coffer Illusion plays on the fact that the visual brain is heavily geared towards identifying objects. Pixels are grouped to form edges and contours, shapes, and finally objects. Most first time viewers describe it as a series of rectangles that they describe as “door panels” These are called coffers, a decorative sunken panel. www.mastermathmentor.com

Sources 59. Ghostly Gaze - https://michaelbach.de/ot/fcs-ghostlyGaze/index.html 60. Autokinetic - http://illusionoftheyear.com/2014/05/autokinetic-illusion/ 61. Bobbing Eggs - http://illusionoftheyear.com/2007/05/swimmers-eels-and-other-gradient-gradient-illusions/ 62. Curveball – http://illusionoftheyear.com/2009/05/the-break-of-the-curveball/ 63 – Coffer - https://www.sciencealert.com/10-viral-optical-illusions-broke-the-internet-cognition-perception www.mastermathmentor.com