Elements of Literature Plot – the events that occur in a novel, short story, poem, or play. Setting – where and when a story takes place. Setting also creates mood or atmosphere. Characterization – the development of the characters in a work of literature. Conflict – the main struggle or problem in a work of literature (usually between the protagonist and antagonist). Point of View – who the narrator of the work of literature is.

The central idea(s) of a work of literature SETTING CHARACTERIZATION PLOT THEME The central idea(s) of a work of literature CONFLICT POINT OF VIEW

“The Use of Force” Possible themes: The justification of an authority figure using force The abuse of power/authority

“The Use of Force” Characterization: In a few sentences, depict how Williams characterizes the doctor. In other words, what image does Williams portray of this man? Use at least TWO or THREE examples from the text. Hint: Do so in chronological order. Are there any hints as to what kind of person the doctor is in the first four to five paragraphs? Arrogant? Condescending?

HW On loose-leaf or a typed response, write a paragraph of 7-8 sentences that describes the doctor in the short story, “The Use of Force.” Use at least THREE examples that support your claim.

Other Themes to Explore… Ethics… Is it right to hurt an individual to protect her and society? More importantly, is it right to enjoy it? If you were the doctor, how would you have handled the situation?

“The Ones Who Walk Away from Omelas” by Ursula Le Guin Before reading: Omelas is a made-up city that LeGuin describes as a utopia. Utopia – the ideal or perfect society. As we read, with a pen, underline or highlight the qualities of Omelas that make it a utopia. Homework: Find a COMMON theme in William’s short story, “The Use of Force” and LeGuin’s short story, “The Ones Who Walk Away From Omelas.” Write your response in your binder.

Paragraph Writing Guidelines So Far… Topic sentence (author, title, and address the topic) Development (Give necessary background information so the writing flows) Examples (Use at least one to two quotes) Transition words and phrases

How to Use Quotes from the Text… You can simply state what the author writes or what a character says. For example, the doctor narrates, “I could see they were all very nervous, eyeing me up and down distrustfully” (1). Williams writes, “Both the mother and father turned themselves inside out in embarrassment and apology” (1).

How to Use Quotes from the Text… You can take an important part of a quote and “fit” it in into your OWN sentence. It is clear that the doctor is non-caring because he sees that the family “were all very nervous” and he does nothing to make them feel calm (1). Although the doctor’s claim that “the damned little brat must be protected against her own idiocy” might be true, he could have handled the situation better (2).

HW Revise your paragraphs for a higher grade.