Native Americans and Westward Expansion Unit 2 Day 1 Native Americans and Westward Expansion Essential Question: How were Native Americans affected by westward expansion?
How did the Transcontinental Railroad transform America into one nation?
Homestead Act (1862) After the Civil War, the United States forced Plains Indians tribes off their land in the Indian Wars Homestead Act (1862) gave these formerly Indian-owned lands to White settlers in the west
Dawes Act (1887) Dawes Act (1887) divided tribal lands into 160-acre plots This went against Native American tradition, in which land was owned communally by entire tribes Dawes Act destroyed Native American societies and economies
What was the difference between how Native Americans viewed land and how Europeans viewed land?
Reservation System After the Homestead Act & Dawes Act, U.S. government designed reservation system This forced tribes onto dry and undesirable lands in the west U.S. government promised to provide protection and resources, but rarely delivered
How does this image represent manifest destiny (the belief that Whites were justified in settling the American West)?
Urbanization and Industrialization Unit 2 Day 2 Urbanization and Industrialization Essential Question: How did urbanization and industrialization impact westward expansion?
Why were farmers willing to endure such hardships in the West?
Urbanization Urbanization was the movement of people from country to city “Push” factors: upgrades in farm machinery meant fewer farm laborers were needed “Pull” factors: railroads made transportation to cities easier; new industrial factories needed workers; cities offered excitement & entertainment
Industrialization Industrialization was a shift of the American economy from agriculture (farming) to factories and production of goods Industrialization brought migrants to new western cities Factory workers were often poor, women, and immigrants
Miners In many parts of the west, miners were first to arrive Boomtowns sprang up When surface minerals were depleted, many mining towns became ghost towns Mining companies moved in with more technology
Cattle Men/Cowboys Barbed wire fences and economic hardship in the northeast ended the long drive. It took about 3 months to drive cattle north along the Chisholm Trail – long drive. Drove cattle to cow towns, where they were worth more and could be shipped east. Cowboys rode over 15 hours a day.
Farmers Many farmers were European immigrants and children of farmers Able to sell produce in the East Many fights with Native Americans and cattlemen over land Put up barbed wire fences