Nutrients are types of matter needed by all living things

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Presentation transcript:

Nutrients are types of matter needed by all living things Target 3.5 cycling and conservation of matter Matter is constantly CYCLED through living and nonliving parts of ecosystems Nutrients are types of matter needed by all living things

Energy VS. Matter Energy FLOWS Nutrients CYCLE Producers Consumers Decomposers Nutrients CYCLE Carbon Cycle Nitrogen Cycle Water Cycle

Carbon Cycle Major Function 1) Stores energy 2) Structure  hair, muscle, skin 3) Genetic Code

Steps: Atmosphere (stores CO2) Photosynthesis (plants take CO2 in) Respiration (all living things release CO2) Decomposition (bacteria/fungi break down C in dead things and release it as CO2) Combustion (burning fossil fuels releases C into air Rocks (limestone stores C  diamonds) Oceans take in CO2(especially cold water)

1) Photosynthesis  CO2 into plants BIOTIC RESERVOIR 1) Photosynthesis  CO2 into plants 2) Respiration  CO2 out of living things 3)Decomposition  CO2 out of bacteria and fungi

ABIOTIC RESERVOIR Atmosphere Dissolved in Oceans Stored in Rocks (limestone/diamonds)

Human Impact Combustion  climate change

Nitrogen Cycle Major Function: Structure (proteins) Genetic Code (DNA)

STEPS: 1. N2 is 78% of Earth’s atmosphere 2. Nitrogen Fixation Bacteria in soil change N2 into a usable form like ammonia or nitrates (lightning too) 3. Plants take in ammonia/nitrates 4. Nitrogen from plants passes up food chain 5. Denitrification  N2 returned to atmosphere by decomposition of dead things by bacteria Atmospheric Fixation The enormous energy of lightning breaks nitrogen molecules and enables their atoms to combine with oxygen in the air forming nitrogen oxides. These dissolve in rain, forming nitrates, that are carried to the earth. Atmospheric nitrogen fixation probably contributes some 5– 8% of the total nitrogen fixed.

BIOTIC RESERVOIR 1) Plants use the ammonia or nitrates in soil 2) Nitrogne Passes up Food Chain

ABIOTIC RESERVOIR Nitrogen Fixation  N2 enters soil from atmosphere Denitrification  When plants & animals die, N2 is released back into the atmosphere

Human Impact Fertilizer runoff too many nitrates enter water (toxic) causes algae blooms (toxic)

Water Cycle Major Functions: Acts as solvent for chemical reactions Transports materials into/out of cells

Steps: Evaporation Condensation Precipitation Runoff Transpiration (from plants to atmosphere)

CYCLE ABIOTIC surface atmosphere BIOTIC In living things

Human Impact pollution