Origins of Slavery.

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Presentation transcript:

Origins of Slavery

Slave Trade African practiced slavery in ancient times From warfare and from debt Portugal, then Dutch, then England Triangular Trade: Tight or loose pack Rum Cloth Guns Middle Passage Most slaves went to West Indies

1500-mid 1800’s Estimated 10 million Africans Demand for sugar created demand for sugar colonies where production is labor intensive Only 6% of the slaves would be shipped to what would become the US Why?

Slaves were not easily accessible until the 1680’s In exchange for their service these “white slaves” received a transatlantic passage and eventual freedom dues or small chunk of land. Indentured Servants Slaves were not easily accessible until the 1680’s Slave trade controlled by the Dutch Too expensive

Both Virginia and Maryland employed the __________________ system where who ever paid passage of a laborer received the right to acquire 50 acres of land. The head right system

To many young men’s dismay, the greatest scarcity in the Chesapeake were these. Single women

Old labor force was drying up Mortality rates dropped steadily The Rebellion led by this man was a result of frustrated former servants who remained landless and threatened by Indians in the backcountry. Bacon’s Rebellion Old labor force was drying up Mortality rates dropped steadily Purchasing a worker for life made a more reasonable investment

West Indies, Brazil, Sugar The South Atlantic System was primarily centered around __________ and __________, with their primary product being __________. West Indies, Brazil, Sugar First half of 18th century thousands of slaves were brought to mainland shores Between 1680-1750, percentage of blacks in Virginia rose from 7% to 44% In South Carolina, slaves produced a population from 17% black to 61%

Lived luxurious lives at the cost of human lives This Northern colony thrived from a lucrative shipping trade of slaves from Africa to America. Rhode Island Lived luxurious lives at the cost of human lives 5-20% of both races died on slave ships during the Atlantic voyage

Most enslaved population came from West Africa Most of the slaves who reached North America came from the West Coast of Africa stretching from present day _______________ to __________________. Senegal to Angola Most enslaved population came from West Africa From the regions of Upper/Lower Guinea, the Congo/Angola Planters selected slaves from tribes according to their skills Tobacco farmers requested Guineas Rice planters requested Congo/Angola regions

Conditions on the ship African men kept in chains the entire time Women and children given more freedom Tight packers vs. loose packers Disease and suicide took the lives of up to one fifth of the slaves on the vessels Trauma matched by the demands of learning a new language, adjusting to new disease climate, new foods, clothing and adapting to repressive and alien rules, and gender roles (men in agriculture)

Beginning in 1662, Virginia established slave codes which made blacks and their children “_________” or property for life. “chattel”

Slave life was especially severe in this region of the South. Deep South Agriculturally based in South, Tobacco, rice Not simply Southern institution Highest concentration of slaves in the 17th century had been the Dutch colony of New York In the 18th century, 20% of New York’s population was enslaved, 10% in Rhode Island, Pennsylvania, New Jersey

Division of labor Majority of slaves were sold in the Chesapeake region Most enslaved laborers in agriculture worked in tobacco Small number sold in New England and middle colonies for family and tenant labor on wheat farms Often became artisans, dock workers, household or personal servants

First Families of Virginia Emerging aristocracy By the Revolutionary War, 70 percent of the leaders in Virginia were considered FFV’s which stands for _______________________. First Families of Virginia Emerging aristocracy

Stono Rebellion South Carolina The largest slave uprising in the mainland colonies, the __________ took place in the colony of __________. Stono Rebellion South Carolina 25 white people killed, 35-50 black people killed Quakers (Pennsylvania) were amongst the first anti- slavery activists in the British Colonies.