Introduction of the IEC 60335-2-75 Modification Proposal 61/5925/INF 61(Shanghai/CHNC)66 Introduction of the IEC 60335-2-75 Modification Proposal 61/5925/INF Fabian Dietschi CH-NC Delegation IEC General Meeting 25. October 2019 Shanghai, China

Current Solution’s Problems Target Appliance: Commercial Coffee Makers Current Solution’s Problems Increasing quality demands More efficient and sustainable system Reduction in wasted resources Reduction of machine maintenance Nicht wir sondern die technologie

- + 1 Electrodes Current Liquid flow 3 2 1 Proposed Technology: Ohmic Heating + - 1 Electrodes Current Liquid flow 3 2 1

+ - Proposed Technology: Ohmic Heating Safety Improvements Electrically equivalent to a “Bare-Heating Element”1 + 1 Electrodes Current Liquid flow 3 2 - 1 Safety Improvements Intrinsically safe against overheating No residual heat stored in the heating element No heating element that can break Nicht wir sondern die technologie [1] C. Amatore, “Fundamental principles of electrochemical ohmic heating of solutions,” Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry, vol. 457, no. 1-2, pp. 191–203, 1998.

Appliances Allowing Electrodes or Similar Current Standard IEC 60335-1 cl. 22.33 “Electrodes shall not be used for heating liquids.” AG28 Feedback Food safety is not of concern Potential exposure of electrodes to the operator during cleaning Historically, risks associated with live parts in contact with water Appliances Allowing Electrodes or Similar IEC 60335-2-84 Toilet appliances IEC 60335-2-35 Instantaneous water heaters1 1 “Bare-heating elements” which are electrically equivalent to electrodes.

Potential Risks Most concern as from AG28 feedback Leakage Current

~ Summary Proposal for 2-75 Based on 60335-2-35 Mains Class I or III construction Limit residual leakage current <0.25mA @ highest conductivity of the liquid Direct Resistance Heating Unit Electronics Mains ~

(Basic Insulation + Protective Earthing) Summary Proposal for 2-75 Based on 60335-2-35 Direct Resistance Heating Unit Class III or Class I (Basic Insulation + Protective Earthing) Mains ~ Electrode type flow heaters can be constructed in a standardized way.

We are looking forward for your comments We will hand in the proposal for voting at the next GM in 2020 Fabian Dietschi CH-NC Delegation fabian.dietschi@instaheat.ch IEC General Meeting 25. October 2019 Shanghai, China