Role of Alternative Networks in Registry Telecommunications

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Role of Alternative Networks in Registry Telecommunications National Immunization Conference Chicago, IL March 17, 2003 Noam H. Arzt, Ph.D. President, HLN Consulting, LLC arzt@hln.com 858/538-2220 (Voice)

Table of Contents Definitions Scenarios Issues Alternatives Application Strategies 12/16/2019

Definitions Alternative networks provide connectivity between end-users and registry applications through means other than traditional, land-based, wired infrastructure. Low-bandwidth connectivity involves communications between an end-user computing device and a registry application server or database at speeds less than 56Kbps. 12/16/2019

Three Scenarios Fixed or mobile desktop/laptop, slow analog modem Internet connection Mobile laptop, wireless Internet connection PDA, wireless Internet connection 12/16/2019

Issues If a client/server application, communications may “time out” If a web application, may take too long to download graphics or applets/controls Intermittent connectivity can severely interfere with normal operations 12/16/2019

Alternatives Upgrade fixed-location connections to broadband (DSL, cable modems) if available and affordable. Use ISDN as a last resort. For wireless Internet, an array of bad choices: CDPD (up to 19.2Kbps) Ricochet, re-emerging in limited markets (up to 128Kbps) Satellite (StarBand, Direcway – speeds vary) “Public” Wi-Fi (802.11b; up to LAN speeds) Next generation GPRS (T-mobile; up to 56Kbps), if it succeeds 12/16/2019

Alternatives (continued) For PDA’s, some additional alternatives: Palm.net GSM™/GPRS on hybrid PDA-phone devices Blue tooth or WiFi in local area Cell modem 12/16/2019

Application Strategies Download data necessary for the “session” and work offline until connection can be re-establish May not be able to predict what data is necessary Reduce data transfer requirements of the application (e.g., eliminate graphics and frequent re-paints) Note the impact of encryption! 12/16/2019

Application Strategies (continued) Cache additional data May not be able to predict what data is necessary; additional security implications Develop a distributed database application Difficult to synchronize and consolidate; data becomes fragmented 12/16/2019