0 Energy and Fuels from Biomass and Waste Prof.dr.ir. Gerrit Brem Energy Technology Onderzoeksdag KIVI NIRIA, 19th of May 2011, Enschede

1 Biomass Research at University of Twente  Faculty of Engineering  Faculty of Science  Faculty of Management and Governance Biomass is spearhead of UT!

2 Energy Technology group  Faculty of Engineering  Since 2000 (2009)  15 fte staff, PhD and post-docs  Academic and industrial network  Well-equipped laboratory

3 Laboratory “Kleinhorst”

4 Energy Technology group  Combustion of solid fuels “Energy from biomass and waste”  Production of sustainable fuels (liquid, gas and solid) “Fuels from biomass and waste”

5 Combustion of solid fuels  Coal fired power plants “biomass co-firing”  Waste combustion

6 Co-firing of biomass in power plants (combustion) Focus on:  Boilers with Ultra Supercritical steam conditions  High ratio of biomass co-firing  Slagging and fouling mechanisms  Development of modelling tools Sponsors: TSA, KEMA

7 Co-firing of biomass in power plants (combustion)

8 Co-firing of biomass in power plants (fouling)

9 BioOxyfuel  Torrefied Biomass Combustion under Oxy-fuel Conditions in Coal Fired Power Plants  Combustion characteristics  Drop Tube Furnace Sponsors: STW, NVV, TSA, KEMA

10 Waste combustion

11 Ignition and combustion of waste on a grate Ignition by flame radiation Self-ignition Mathematical modelling Reversed combustion concept

12 AVI pilot-plant

13 Combustion plant Operator Waste Disturbances by fluctuating composition Smart Sensor Heating value + Fouling rate Smart sensors for combustion and fouling Flue gas Boiler Steam temperatures Gas concentrations

14 Fuel production from Biomass  Flash pyrolysis  Gasification  Torrefaction

15 PYROLYSIS REACTOR Biomass Heat condenser Char Separation Gas Bio-oil Char Flash pyrolysis of biomass

Wood pyrolysis on lab scale - movie

17 PyRos pilot-plant with 30 kg/h biomass feed

PYROLYSIS REACTOR Biomass Heat condenser Char Separation Gas Bio-oil Char Near-future applications for pyrolysis oil

19 Algae and scrap tyres  Oil from car tyres  Oil from algae

20 Gasification in supercritical water  Wet biomass  Process conditions: 600 °C and 300 bar  Production of a hydrogen or methane rich gas  Process integrated reactor  CO 2 separation C Heat exchanger supercritical reactor high P gas/liquid separator feedstock 600 °C 300 bar low P gas/liquid separator

Torrefaction  Biomass is wet and bulky  Biomass sources are distributed  Pretreatment required!

Torrefaction process  On-site preparation of biomass by drying, milling and torrefaction (no external energy requirement)  Torrefaction: roasting of biomass at 250°C Friable and less fibrous Hydrophobic Preserved Reduced contaminations Homogeneous Higher heating value

23 OCRI – Bioenergy with provincie Overijssel  Overijssels Centre for Research and Innovation  Grant of 2,5 Meuro  Cooperation with local industries  9 postdocs (UT)  Research projects: > Catalytic pyrolysis for high-value fuels > Combustion of pyrolysis oil in gas turbines > Feedstock engineering

24 Thanks for your attention Prof.dr.ir. G. Brem University of Twente Energy Technology (CTW) P.O.box AE Enschede The Netherlands T: (2530) M: