Teamwork 3 maart 2010

Josje van Beusekom Anne Heikamp Marloes van Put Irma van Roest

3 maart 2010 “No one can whistle a symphony. It takes an orchestra to play it” “Teamwork is less me and more we” “Talent wins games, but teamwork and intelligence wins championships” “No man is an island, entire of itself; every man is a piece of the continent” “Wearing the same shirts doesn’t make you a team”

What is a team? 3 maart 2010 "a small number of people with complementary skills who are committed to a common purpose, set of performance goals, and approach for which they hold themselves mutually accountable."

Teamwork vs. working in groups 3 maart 2010 Collaboration Responsibility Common language and interest van Knippenberg et al. 2004

Team development 3 maart 2010 Forming Storming Norming Performing Tuckman, 1965

Diversity in backgrounds 3 maart 2010 Educational background Culture Environment Technical or Functional Expertise Problem-Solving and Decision-Making Skills Interpersonal Skills Character Emotional intelligence Life experience Working experience Existing relationships with other members

How to work in a team consisting of people with different backgrounds? 3 maart 2010

What’s up today? 3 maart 2010 Cultural differences Break Education and Experience Break Relationships What did we talk about?

Cultural differences 3 maart 2010 Culture Education & Experience Relationships Conclusion How to work in a team with cultural differences?

3 maart 2010 Culture Education & Experience Relationships Conclusion Create your own team culture Schneider and Barsoux (1997), Managing Across Cultures

3 maart 2010 Culture Education & Experience Relationships Conclusion How much time for social activities? How can we ensure participation of all members? To what extent are some members given more credibility than others? Does it appear that the input of some members is being ignored? Who listens to whom? Who interrupts who? How and when to evaluate performance? How direct can feedback be?

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Education and Experience 3 maart 2010 Culture Education & Experience Relationships Conclusion How to deal with differences in educational background and experience?

Things you should look at 3 maart 2010 Culture Education & Experience Relationships Conclusion Who is talking/drawing most? Do the team members listen to each other? Who gets to make the decisions? Do the team members understand each other? Do the team members have the same priorities? Do they trust each others solutions?

Problem: It’s hard to connect your bike to the rack when the cycle shed is full.

Time’s up!

Things you should look at 3 maart 2010 Culture Education & Experience Relationships Conclusion Who is talking/drawing most? Do the team members listen to each other? Who gets to make the decisions? Do the team members understand each other? Do the team members have the same priorities? Do they trust each others solutions?

Problems we found in literature 3 maart 2010 Culture Education & Experience Relationships Conclusion Communicational problems - Jargon - Experts don’t explain Decision making - Different priorities and perspectives Hierarchy and Power - Experts feel they have more power -- Inter-personal conflicts Compromises instead of creative solutions - Lack of enthusiasm

How to solve these problems 3 maart 2010 Culture Education & Experience Relationships Conclusion Learn and Teach Everyone is Important Divide Tasks and Roles Team Leader

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Relationships 3 maart 2010 Culture Education & Experience Relationships Conclusion How to work in a team consisting of both strangers and familiar members?

Experiment 3 maart 2010 Culture Education & Experience Relationships Conclusion Read the background information Discuss which thing is described Write down your answer

Gruenfeld et al. (1996) study 3 maart 2010 Culture Education & Experience Relationships Conclusion Partially shared information: familiar teams pool information easier and find out the answer sooner. Fully shared information: strangers with different social backgrounds evaluate the problem more thoroughly.

How to work in a team consisting of both strangers and familiar members? 3 maart 2010 Culture Education & Experience Relationships Conclusion - Set up a Realistic Job Preview - A team leader can speak with team members causing inequities - Clear schedule: separate working from socializing Westerman and Park (2010)

What did we talk about? 3 maart 2010 Culture Education & Experience Relationships Conclusion How to work in a team with cultural differences? How to deal with differences in educational background and experience? How to work in a team consisting of both strangers and familiar members?