Documentation DOCUMENTATION Modern Language Association Format (Information Research Certificate Class 5)

Two Formats: MLA vs. APA American Psychological Association. (2001). Publication manual of the American Psychological Association. (5th ed.). Washington, D.C.: Author. Gibaldi, Joseph. MLA Handbook for Writers of Research Papers. 6th ed. New York: Modern Language Association, 2003. #1 > example of citation based on APA Format / Style #2 > based on MLA Style (publication year last) MLA – publication year last APA – year first

MLA vs. APA Sample: A survey of musical instruments Use “library catalog” to determine author’s and publisher’s name… click here MLA Marcuse, Sibyl. A Survey of Musical Instruments. New York: Harper, 1975. APA Marcuse, S. (1975). A survey of musical instruments. New York: Harper and Row. MLA – publication year last ….. APA always gave year immediately after author year first

Definitions Plagiarism: Literally “kidnapping,” involving the use of someone else’s words as if they were your own (Gibaldi 66). “the wrongful appropriation or purloining, and publication as one’s own, of the ideas, or the expression of the ideas … of another.” (Oxford English Dictionary) Theft of intellectual property Fraud Deception / Misrepresentation of ideas purloin = steal Appropriate == to take or make use of without authority or right

Plagiarism cont. To avoid plagiarism,you must DOCUMENT Documenting / Citing Definition: http://library.acadiau.ca/tutorials/plagiarism/document.html direct quotations, paraphrases, and original ideas not your own. Another reason for documentation documentation / Citations help a reader locate and retrieve the sources you cite. Your readers may need a direct, contextual reading of the original works of others that has been used by you.

MLA: Citations in your text Parenthetical Citations: A brief acknowledgement in the text of the paper of what you derived from the source, and where in the work you found the material. Last name, the page number of the quote taken E.g.: (Wordsworth, 263) Or without last name, but only the page number of the quote For example >> see next slide, or the link below: http://owl.english.purdue.edu/handouts/research/r_mla.html Parenthetical -- par-&n-'the-ti-k&l

Direct quotations: short vs. long Direct short quotations Vs. Parenthetical Citations (Paraphrases) >>> See next slide Direct long quotations quotations longer than four typed lines in a free-standing block of typewritten lines omit quotation marks indented one inch from the left margin maintain double-spacing bottom note >>> See next slide More than 4 lines - Begin new line - Indent one inch - No quotation marks

MLA: Works Cited List Works Cited List: A list at the end of papers Each source you cite in your text must appear in your works-cited list Alphabetized by authors’ last names or if unknown, by title Detail for “List format”: click here http://owl.english.purdue.edu/handouts/research/r_mla.html#Works-Cited Parenthetical -- par-&n-'the-ti-k&l

Format for an MLA Entry Each entry in the work-cited list – complete reference at the end of your text: 1st line - Flush Left 2nd line and next - Indented ½ inch All lines - Double-spaced Capitalize the first word, and each “real” word in the titles of articles, books, etc Exceptions: “a,” “an,” “the,” conjunctions or prepositions Underline / italicize titles of articles, books, films, and periodicals

Order for an MLA Entry Author’s last name, first name. Title of a part of the book. Title of the book Name of the editor, translator, or compiler. Number of the edition used. Number of the volume used. Place of publication: name of publisher, year. Page numbers. Note: each part ending with a period and two spaces

A Book by a Single Author Author’s or editor’s inverted name. Title of the book. Publication info, namely publication place, publisher’s name, year. Reichs, Kathy. Fatal Voyage. New York: Scribner, 2001. If a work has more than one author, invert only the first author’s name, follow it with a comma, then continue listing the rest of the authors.

An Article: in a Scholarly Journal with Continuous Pagination Author’s Last, First name. “Title of article.” Journal Title Volume Number (Date): page number. Most, Andrea. “‛We Know We Belong to the Land’ The Theatricality of Assimilation in Rodgers and Hammerstein’s Oklahoma!” PMLA 113 (1998): 77-89. An Article in a Scholarly Journal with Continuous Pagination

Electronic Publications: Library Subscription Databases Author’s Name. “Title of the document.” Print Publication Information. Information about electronic publication. Access information (i.e., location / date of access. URL). Yarup, Robert L. “Faulkner’s The Sound and the Fury.” Explicator 55(1996):34. Literature Resource Center. Gale Group. Ozuna Learning Resource Center. San Antonio. 17 Feb. 2004 <http:/galenet.galegroup.com>.

More Examples: Book Citation Reesman, Jeanne Campbell. American Designs: The Late Novels of James and Faulkner. Philadelphia: U of Pennsylvania P, 1991.

Periodical Example Pavlic, Ed. “’I Just Don’t Know How to Move on Your Word’: From Signifying to Syndetic Homage in James Baldwin’s Responses to William Faulkner.” Mississippi Quarterly 53 (Fall 2000): 515.

Electronic Source Citation Wall, Carey. “The Sound and the Fury: The Emotional Center.” Midwest Quarterly 11 (1970): 371- 87. Contemporary Literary Criticism- Select. Gale Group. Ozuna Learning Resource Center. San Antonio. 13 Nov. 2001 <http:/galenet.galegroup.com>.

Rules of Thumb What style you have to follow? MLA or APA? What type of sources used in your paper? Books? article in book? Or article in journal? What category of examples in a handout applicable? Book examples … Internet examples? Compare the elements in your source with the corresponding elements in a example that apply to yours Replace all elements in the example with the elements you have in your source Double check the elements, esp. punctuations …

Web Sites http://www.mla.org http://www.ccc.commnet.edu/mla/index.shtml# Citing Sources (pop-up menu at left) > Interviews … http://www.dartmouth.edu/~sources/contents.html APA vs. MLA: Choose one under “Examples” http://library.concordia.ca/help/howto/citations.html For more Citation and Styles Guides http://owl.english.purdue.edu/handouts/research/r_mla.html