Spectrum of pathology Prolapsed discs and osteophytic compression; wear and repair Inflammatory: rheumatoid, ankylosing spondylitis Trauma: odontoid, rotatory.

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Presentation transcript:

Spectrum of pathology Prolapsed discs and osteophytic compression; wear and repair Inflammatory: rheumatoid, ankylosing spondylitis Trauma: odontoid, rotatory subluxation Neoplastic: meningiomas, schwannomas, metastatic cord compression Congenital Klippel Feil, fused, Downs, enterogenous cysts

43 yr male, brachalgia C5 right

Spectrum of pathology Prolapsed discs, osteophytic compression: wear and repair Inflammatory: rheumatoid, ankylosing spondylitis Trauma: odontoid, rotatory subluxation Neoplastic: meningiomas, schwannomas, metastatic cord compression Congenital Klippel Feil, fused, Downs, enterogenous cysts Infection: discitis, osteomyelitis, epidural abscess

S.R. - Male, Age 77 Severe Rheumatoid Arthritis Past multiple joint replacements and episodes of steroid Px Progressive upper and lower limb long tract symp/signs Neck Pain and Stiffness

Occipitocervical fixation

Halo support post-op

Sub axial rheumatoid deformity

Seronegative arthritis

Ankylosing spondylitis

Spectrum of pathology Prolapsed discs, osteophytic compression: wear and repair Inflammatory: rheumatoid, ankylosing spondylitis Trauma: odontoid, rotatory subluxation Neoplastic: meningiomas, schwannomas, metastatic cord compression Congenital Klippel Feil, fused, Downs, enterogenous cysts Infection: discitis, osteomyelitis, epidural abscess

Odontoid fracture

Odontoid screw fixation

Hangmans fracture

C6 Crush fracture, posterior ligamentous injury

Interspinous ligamentous disruption

Hyperextension injury, ALL disrupted

Rotatory subluxation

Pre reduction MR

Interspinous ligamentous disruption

Posterior reduction and fixation techniques Currette or hook Drilling/ nibbling the superior aspect of the inferior facet Wires Hooks or clamps Screws/ Plates Screws/ Rod combinations

Spectrum of pathology Prolapsed discs, osteophytic compression: wear and repair Inflammatory: rheumatoid, ankylosing spondylitis Trauma: odontoid, rotatory subluxation Neoplastic: meningiomas, schwannomas, metastatic cord compression Congenital Klippel Feil, fused, Downs, enterogenous cysts Infection: discitis, osteomyelitis, epidural abscess

Ependymoma Gd 2

51 years neck, arm pain

NHL cervical cord compression

CT pelvis: right inguinal lymphadenopathy

2 years post op

Patchell, Lancet 2005

Complications General (DVT, MI, Infection, haematoma) Specific: Recurrent and sup laryngeal n Dysphasia Retropharyngeal haematoma Nerve root injury Spinal cord injury Vertebral artery injury

The future Better analysis of results Better constructs Clearer indications More work Ceramic vs plastics vs metal Interface with bone Bone growth stimulants Genetically engineered solutions