Types Of Addresses

1.IP Addresses 2. MAC Addresses

IP (Internet Protocol)

What Is IP (Internet Protocol) ? Any protocol that is the part of the TCP/IP protocol stack. It is also the network protocol. IP provides features for addressing.

IP Addresses

IP Addresses assigned to hosts using the TCP/IP suite of protocols

IP addresses are of 32-bits IP addresses have two portions A. Network Portion B. Host Portion

Example = is network portion and it remains same throughout the network = is host portion and it varies from host to host.

Range Of Decimal Values An IP address is expressed as Four decimal values in the range of 0 to 255 Dotted Decimal Notations These decimal values each represents Eight bits of the 32-bits address, known as an OCTET. This is called Dotted Decimal Notation. Example

Classification Of IP Addresses

Class Range UsesNetwork Portion Host Portion Class A 1-126Data Communication 8-bits 24-bits Class B Data Communication 16-bits Class C Data Communication 24-bits 8-bits Class D Multi Casting Class E Research and Testing Note : Value 127 is not in any class it is reserved for Loop Back Testing It is used for checking of TCP/IP Stack on PC

How it is Standard Minimum Value is 0 and Maximum Value is ON Bits OFF Bits Adding all Decimal Values when all bits ON Maximum Value is 255 Adding all Decimal Values when all bits OFF Minimum Value is 0

IP /8 Network Portion = 8-Bits Host Portion = 24-Bits Network PortionHost Portion 1 st Octet2 nd Octet3 rd Octet4 th Octet IP Address Binary Subnet mask Binary Network ID Binary IP Address Subnet Mask Network ID

IP /16 Network Portion = 16-Bits Host Portion = 16-Bits Network PortionHost Portion 1 st Octet2 nd Octet3 rd Octet4 th Octet IP Address Binary Subnet mask Binary Network ID Binary IP Address Subnet Mask Network ID

IP /24 Network Portion = 24-Bits Host Portion = 8-Bits Network PortionHost Portion 1 st Octet2 nd Octet3 rd Octet4 th Octet IP Address Binary Subnet mask Binary Network ID Binary IP Address Subnet Mask Network ID

IP ADDRESSES SUBNET MASK NETWORK ADRESSES

No Communication Occurred Q: When Two Computers are connected then Communication Occurred ? We Should have to follow some rule and regulations

IP Address Subnet Mask Network ID IP Address Subnet Mask Network ID Communication Will Start Q : When IP addresses are of same Class and Network ID are same then will Communication Start ? Communication will be occurred when IP are of same Classes and their Network ID are Same of both computers Class A

IP Address Subnet Mask Network ID IP Address Subnet Mask Network ID No Communication will Start Q: When IP addresses are of same Class but Network ID are Different will Communication Start ? When ever Two Computers are connected Back to Back and their Network ID are not same Communication will not be occurred even IP are of same Classes. Class A Because

Then How Different Networks Communicate

Routers are Used To Communicate Different Networks

IP Address Subnet Mask Network ID IP Address Subnet Mask Network ID Now Communication will Start Communication will because ROUTER are used to Communicate Different Networks Class A Class B Because