Astronomy 100 Jupiter & Solar System Review

Now: Think of a question you have about the outer solar system: Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune. I WILL ASK YOU FOR IT LATER! Main concepts: – Go over Charting the Moon – Jupiter and Saturn – Basic Facts about Planets – If time … Uranus and Neptune Vocabulary: Marys Violet Eyes Made John Stay Up Nights Period

Know 1 Want to Know 2 Learned 3

Know Big red spot: storm – 400 years Big planet: rings Layers (stripes) Layers top/bottom Stuff moves BIG, GINORMOUS No solids ground? Big magnetic field? Hydrogen/Helium Want to Know How long will the Red Spot Last? How did the giant planets get there in the first place? How do we know what the atmospheres are made of? How do we know that compounds are in an atmosphere, and not their components? Is/was there life on the giant planets or their moons? What makes the colors? Do the colors/stripes change over time? RINGS?!?!?!??!?!?!?! Temperature? Learned Gassy Farther away Largest in our Solar System Neptune and Uranus are blue All have rings Neptune and Uranus are icey

How long will the Red Spot Last? 400 yrs+??? How did the giant planets get there in the first place? – Coalesced out of the protoplanetary disk. How do we know what the atmospheres are made of? – Spectra. How do we know that compounds are in an atmosphere, and not their components? Molecules absorb differently than elements.

Is/was there life on the giant planets or their moons? – Planets – no – Moons – Europa, Callisto, Io, Enceladus, Titan What makes the colors? – Composition – Sulfur, Water, Do the colors/stripes change over time? yes RINGS?!?!?!??!?!?!?! ice Temperature?

Jupiter – -145C Cloud tops – 21C (room temp) deeper down – 10 atmospheres – 24000C middle – Giving off heat, but only what it had to start with Saturn – -175C cloud tops – Gives off heat

Temperature? Uranus – -215C top – 2300C in the ocean – 7000C core Neptune – -214C top – 4200C ocean – 12600C core

Mercury HOT – close to the Sun Small – smallest of the Terrestrials Craters No atmosphere

Venus HOT HOT HOT – greenhouse effect – Could melt lead at the surface Same size as Earth Atmosphere – thick and toxic

Earth Liquid Water Life

Mars COLD – further from the Sun Smaller than Earth Carbon Dioxide Atmosphere – less atmosphere, further from the Sun No life that we can see …. Solid Water – ice Liquid water – a little, sometimes, some places Water Vapor – clouds/snow

Jupiter Huge Made of Gas – H, He, water, methane, ammonia Red Spot – storm Rings – we dont see very well Kerjillions of moons

Saturn Huge, but smaller then Jupiter Made of Gas – H, He, water, methane, ammonia Rings made of ice crystals Kerjillions of moons Both – Core – metallic Hydrogen?

Uranus Ice?! Core (small) Lot of moons SIDEWAYS

Neptune Ice?! Core (small) Lot of moons Dark Spot

Pluto & the Kuiper Belt Orbit inclined Rock/lot of ice 3 moons – Charon, Hydra, Nix Quaoar, Haumea, MakeMake, Eris (Dysnomia), Sedna Dwarf Planets: Ceres, Pluto, Eris, Haumea, MakeMake

Draw the Solar System IN ORDER

Answer Now: What is a question you STILL have about Jupiter or Saturn?