The position of Cogeneration in the energy market. “Economy vs. Environment and Security of Supply Drs ing Teus van Eck Brussel, 4 april 2003, Cogen Europe annual Conference.

Contents Market situation Economy Environment Security of supply Opportunities and risks Recommendations.

“Economy” The Balance The long en short term values??? Environment Security of supply The balance.

Market Situation Growing demand-growing supply? Prosperity-welfare? Where is the European Green Book?

Demand Curve

Development Gasprices (Commodity) in NLGct / m3

Fuel Costs for different Power Units

Environment Only Renewables or the lowest level of fossil fuel consumption and emissions for the total energy demand? Energy savings or the fossile fuel use/emission level per unit electricity/heat?

Security of supply Technical, availability fuels, the environment Separate electricity production results in % waste heat Political risks Distributed vs. centralised generation

Heat Distribution CHP Back- up/peak Storage GridConsumer Alternative Consumer F F E E EE H F H H E= Electricity F= Fuel H= Heat

Opportunities-Risks Opportunities: Energy/emissions savings, security of supply, proven technology Risks:Continuity of heat demand and or heat source, economy of scale, weak and uncertain position in electricity and fuel market, level playing field?, no structural financial valuation of environmental aspects

Some figures 100 km by car –15 kg CO2 1 Dutch family with DH saves 1500 kg CO2/yr 1 Windmill of 1 MW saves 700 ton CO2/yr 1 MWth CHP saves 700 ton CO2/yr

Recommendation A long term E.U. energy policy on base of a clear choice in the balance of economy, environment and security of supply translated in a minimum level of regulation or ???????