Out of Air v1.0 Out of Air AIR/1 May 2007. Out of Air v1.0 We Will Cover Causes of Out of Air situationsCauses of Out of Air situations Options availableOptions.

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
HAND AND POWER TOOLS.
Advertisements

Open Water - Final Review Buoyancy – Fresh/Salt Density/Pressure/Volume Squeeze/Reverse Block Number 1 Rule Tank at surface last 90 minutes, how long at.
CH – 6 Dive Planning and Recording Yusheng M. Huang Department of Marine Sports and Recreation.
Chapter 2 Scuba Diving Tanks / Air Cylinders Valves
Factoring Trinomials Section 5.3.
Section 1 - Skills Preview
Chapter 3 Using the Scuba Equipment
Feel the Pressure! What happens when you shake a can of soda and then open it? What is happening to the gases in the can of soda?
1 One-Man Adult CPR. 2 Remember: CPR can save lives. Do it well. Do it right. And the victim gets a chance at life.
CH 5– Decompression, Dive Tables, and Dive Computers 減壓,潛水減壓表與潛水電腦
Dry Suits.
Diving Equipment. Equipment We will cover 3 categories: basic essential useful.
Qualifications Equipment Roles of Club Members Regulator Open Water Fins Pool Fins Mask Snorkel Suits Cylinder Stab Jacket Dive Computer More.
Copyright 2012 CFT NITE/1 ISO / EN "AUTONOMOUS DIVER" Night Diving.
Copyright 2012 CFT GAS/1 Gas Management. Copyright 2012 CFT GAS/2 Introduction Recap – Advanced Nitrox Manual calculation prone to error Planning software.
Start SCUBA Diving Jeopardy Final Jeopardy Question PressureVolumeAir SpacesNitrogenEquipment
Blackwood Fire Company SCBA Refresher. Regulations NJ PEOSH 12: Respiratory protection devices OSHA 29CFR Operating Guideline 7.2 Firefighter.
Safer Diving Presentation From ITDA Group International International Technical Diving Agency ITDA Group International Inc. Ltd. Copyright © All.
Hookah Operating and Diving surface-supplied equipment
SSI OPEN WATER DIVER CMAS ONE STAR DIVER PROGRAM LECTURE 3 EMU UNDERWATER SPORTS CLUB CIU UNDERWATER SPORTS CLUB.
Pathfinder Divers BSAC 0161
BSAC Sports Diver Training
BSAC Sports Diver Training
Snorkeling Safety 1.Know the equipment you are using Mask Fins Snorkel Safety vest 2.Always dive with a buddy or in a group 3.Be aware of distance from.
Pressure Pressure-Volume Relationship Boyle’s Law.
USF Scientific Diving William Dent, Diving Safety Officer
The World of Recreational Diving. SCUBA is an acronym for the S______ C______ U________ B________ A________ invented by Cousteau. Diver certification.
BSAC Sports Diver Training
BSAC Thailand Scuba wise Refresher your Dive Skills.
CHAPTER 1 Skin Diving Equipment I.D.E.A Open Water Course 2.
Copyright 2012 CFT GAS/1 Gas Management. Copyright 2012 CFT GAS/2 We will cover  Disciplined approach  Gas required = time x breathing rate x ambient.
Knowledge Development Five
Pressure. WHAT IS BOYLE’S LAW? Pressure increases as volume decreases The typical male can inhale and hold up to 5L of air in his lungs ?
Welcome Atlantic Edge Dive Center Refresher Course Welcome.
Diving Physiology. Objectives Identify the primary components of air. Discuss the processes of respiration and circulation. Identify the breathing stimulus.
BSAC Ocean Diver Training
BSAC Ocean Diver Training
Why we need a pressurized tank (Boyle’s Law) By: Miranda, Aliny & Vanessa.
Unit 2: Diving Equipment
Unit 6 Stress and Distress Recognizing Excessive Stress Stress Related Behaviors Helping Out a “Stressed-Out” Buddy Personal Stress Management Distress.
Unit 3: Diving Skills Snorkeling Skills. Assembling scuba equipment.
Unit 3: Diving Skills Snorkeling Skills. Assembling scuba equipment.
BSAC Ocean Diver Training
Table Saw Safety & Operation The Table Saw is one of the most versatile pieces of equipment but must be operated safely and correctly. Follow these safety.
Breathing Under Water When you are scuba diving you are usually wearing a oxygen tank to help you breath underwater until the air runs out and you return.
SCUBA By Martin Stein. Objectives At the end of the lesson the student will always understand the dangers involved in Scuba diving.At the end of the lesson.
Surface Rescue Swimmer School Mask, Fins, and Snorkel Mask, Fins, and Snorkel LT 4.2.
The Zeagle Rapid Diver System. Rapid Diver Rapid Diver Benefits Designed for short dives in shallow water (10m or less) Compact − Stores in small space.
What does this… have to do with this? Diffusion Human Body.
Unit 7: Problem Solving Diving Situations. Assisting Other Divers.
How to Prepare Yourself to go Scuba Diving By: Robert Shumar Date: December 4, 2008.
SCUBA : Effects of Dissolved Gases. Pascal’s Principle Pressure applied to fluids is equally transmitted in all directions, to all parts of the fluid.
Student’s Name School’s name and Group. Diving Equipment Diving is possible thanks to specialized modern equipment that adapts you to the aquatic environment.
Problem Recognition and Prevention. Objectives Identify 10 potential problems for divers, and describe possible causes, preventive techniques or control.
Squeeze Objectives Define squeeze and state the cause. List 4 air spaces of a diver that are subject to squeeze, and describe the golden rule for squeeze.
Surface Supplied Air Tender’s Course & U.S. Navy Tables Presented By: The Riverside County Sheriff’s Underwater Search and Recovery Team.
Dive Planning CSUMB KIN 280(L) NAUI Scuba Diver Course.
Brylske, Alex. “An Ounce of Prevention.” Dive Training February 2010: 20–28.
Supplementary Diver Training Workshop Buoyancy and Trim BTW v1.16 VA1 Copyright © BSAC
Self Contained Underwater Breathing Apparatus
1 of 20 Snorkel Diver. 2 of 20 Benefits of BSAC membership l The organisation l International recognition l Support materials l Snorkelling is fun.
Self Contained Underwater Breathing Apparatus
Open Water Diver. SCUBA ELF ONTAINED NDERWATER REATHING PPERATUS 1.
Planning 1 DPM09 v1.1 Copyright © BSAC 2009 Dive Planning and Management Dive Planning.
Practical Rescue Management DT9 1 PRM 09 v1.1 Copyright © BSAC 2009 Rescue Management Part 1.
PADI Section 4 Breathing Air at Depth.
Rescue Management Part 1
Snorkel Diver 1 of 20.
SCUBA : Effects of Dissolved Gases
Presentation transcript:

Out of Air v1.0 Out of Air AIR/1 May 2007

Out of Air v1.0 We Will Cover Causes of Out of Air situationsCauses of Out of Air situations Options availableOptions available AIR/2

Out of Air v1.0 Why do divers run out of Air? Four main reasons: MiscalculationMiscalculation DistractionDistraction OverloadingOverloading Malfunction of equipmentMalfunction of equipment What are our options when/if it does occur? AIR/3

Out of Air v1.0 Monitoring Air Consumption Surface before reaching reserveSurface before reaching reserve TimeTime DepthDepth Estimating with experienceEstimating with experience AIR/4

Out of Air v1.0 Monitoring Air Consumption Example Dive: 20 mins at 10m. Start Pressure: 232bar, Final Pressure: 132 bar. 12litre cylinder Total Consumption 100 bar (1200 litres) per 20minsTotal Consumption 100 bar (1200 litres) per 20mins Dive: as above but to 20m (i.e. 3 bar) Deeper depth means higher ambient pressureDeeper depth means higher ambient pressure Deeper depth means higher consumptionDeeper depth means higher consumption AIR/5

Out of Air v1.0 Octopus Regulator AIR/6

Out of Air v1.0 Octopus Regulator Advantages Quick, simple, easyQuick, simple, easy Breathe normally on octopusBreathe normally on octopus Uses buddy systemUses buddy systemDisadvantages Not every diver has an octopusNot every diver has an octopus If one buddy is out of air, the other is likely to have a limited supplyIf one buddy is out of air, the other is likely to have a limited supply AIR/6a

Out of Air v1.0 Pony Cylinder AIR/7

Out of Air v1.0 Pony Cylinder A complete independent dive cylinder with its own regulatorA complete independent dive cylinder with its own regulator Safer, more dependable than octopusSafer, more dependable than octopus Independent rescue without aid of buddyIndependent rescue without aid of buddy AIR/7a

Out of Air v1.0 Buddy Breathing AIR/8

Out of Air v1.0 Buddy Breathing Advantages Sharing one regulator and air supply between two diversSharing one regulator and air supply between two divers Like other methods, it has been used successfullyLike other methods, it has been used successfully Uses Buddy systemUses Buddy systemDisadvantages Some times it has not been so successfulSome times it has not been so successful Proper training and practice requiredProper training and practice required AIR/8a

Out of Air v1.0 CO 2 Cartridge AIR/9 Banned by CFT for SCUBA* (O.K. for snorkel)Banned by CFT for SCUBA* (O.K. for snorkel) *As per CFT Rules & Regulations Inflates Buoyancy Device when activatedInflates Buoyancy Device when activated Cannot breathe from buoyancy deviceCannot breathe from buoyancy device Discard used cartridge and replaceDiscard used cartridge and replace

Out of Air v1.0 Buoyancy Device Mini Cylinder AIR/10 Used to inflate buoyancy device in an EmergencyUsed to inflate buoyancy device in an Emergency Rate of ascent can be controlledRate of ascent can be controlled Ensure neck extensionEnsure neck extension Cylinder contains breathable airCylinder contains breathable air On some buoyancy devices breaths can be obtained via buoyancy device mouthpieceOn some buoyancy devices breaths can be obtained via buoyancy device mouthpiece

Out of Air v1.0 Free Ascent AIR/11 Drop weight beltDrop weight belt Fin towards surfaceFin towards surface Retain regulator in mouthRetain regulator in mouth –(more air may be released on ascent to surface) Neck extensionNeck extension Exhale slowly and attempt every few seconds to breathe from the regulatorExhale slowly and attempt every few seconds to breathe from the regulator

Out of Air v1.0 Which is Best? No best methodNo best method All tried and provenAll tried and proven Circumstances dictate needsCircumstances dictate needs Training essentialTraining essential AIR/12

Out of Air v1.0 Summary CausesCauses –Miscalculation –Distraction –Overloading –Malfunction OptionsOptions –Octopus regulator –pony cylinder –buddy breathing –buoyancy device mini cylinder –spare air –free ascent AIR/13

Out of Air v1.0 Summary Check Gauges Regularly AIR/13a

Out of Air v1.0 Questions

Should your dive plan always be rigidly followed on a dive? (a) Not when it can be safely changed (b) Yes (c) Don't Know (d) No Question 1

Out of Air v1.0 Should your dive plan always be rigidly followed on a dive? (a) Not when it can be safely changed (b) Yes Plan your dive and dive your plan (c) Don't Know (d) No Question 1

Out of Air v1.0 How often should you check your contents gauge on a dive (a) At start and end of dive (b) Whenever you think of it (c) Only a couple of times as the dive leader will keep an eye on it for you (d) Every few minutes Question 2

Out of Air v1.0 How often should you check your contents gauge on a dive (a) At start and end of dive (b) Whenever you think of it (c) Only a couple of times as the dive leader will keep an eye on it for you (d) Every few minutes Make a habit of regularly checking your instruments. Question 2

Out of Air v1.0 Which is the best method of rescue in an Out of Air situation? (a) Pony bottle with own regulator (b) There is none (c) Buddy breathing (d) Free ascent Question 3

Out of Air v1.0 Which is the best method of rescue in an Out of Air situation? (a) Pony bottle with own regulator (b) There is none Each situation requires different methods (c) Buddy breathing (d) Free ascent Question 3

Out of Air v1.0 If you are ascending rapidly in a free ascent situation, should you:- (a) Hope you reach the surface (b) Hold your fins out to slow down, to prevent an air embolism or decompression sickness (c) Maintain neck extension and breathe out slowly (d) Hold onto your mask to prevent it coming off your face Question 4

Out of Air v1.0 If you are ascending rapidly in a free ascent situation, should you:- Question 4 (a) Hope you reach the surface (b) Hold your fins out to slow down, to prevent an air embolism or decompression sickness (c) Maintain neck extension and breathe out slowly Avoid over-pressure in the lungs and prevent air embolism (d) Hold onto your mask to prevent it coming off your face

Out of Air v1.0 When commencing a free ascent it is important to first:- Question 5 (a) Drop your weight belt (b) Stop and think about it for a few seconds (c) To ensure your buddy knows what you are going to do (d) Get a good start by pushing off the bottom

Out of Air v1.0 When commencing a free ascent it is important to first:- Question 5 (a) Drop your weight belt To obtain positive buoyancy (b) Stop and think about it for a few seconds (c) To ensure your buddy knows what you are going to do (d) Get a good start by pushing off the bottom