CHAPTER 1: ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS CONTENT AREA 1-1: SOLICIT OR OTHERWISE INFLUENCE CLIENTS ONLY THROUGH THE USE OF TRUTHFUL AND ACCURATE REPRESENTATIONS OF INTERVENTION EFFICACY AND ONES PROFESSIONAL COMPETENCE IN APPLIED BEHAVIOR ANALYSIS.

Ethics refers to ________________, practices, and decisions that address three basic and fundamental questions: 1.What is the right thing to do? 2.What is worth doing? 3.What does it mean to be a good behavior analyst?

(BEHAVIOR) As a behavior analyst, you should modify a procedure when: a) doing so will likely harm the client. b) doing so will benefit the client. c) it will decrease the risk and the benefit. d) it will increase the risk/benefit ratio.

(B – DOING SO WILL BENEFIT THE CLIENT) As a behavior analyst, you should modify a procedure when: a)data indicate an improving trend. b)it is likely that doing so will harm the client. c)it will lower the risk/benefit ratio. d)it will increase the risk/benefit ratio.

(C – IT WILL LOWER THE RISK/BENEFIT RATIO) You should explain to clients: a) that they can choose to stop a treatment at any time. b) realistic expectations of a given treatment. c) your credentials, if asked. d) all of the above

(D – ALL OF THE ABOVE) Ethics refers to behavior, ____________, and decisions that address three basic and fundamental questions: 1.What is the right thing to do? 2.What is worth doing? 3.What does it mean to be a good behavior analyst?

(PRACTICES) You should explain to clients: a) all empirically and non-empirically based intervention options. b) realistic expectations of speech therapists, but not your expectations. c) your realistic expectations of a given treatment. d) what you hope might happen, but cannot support with research.

(C – YOUR REALISTIC EXPECTATIONS OF A GIVEN TREATMENT) Which of the following risk/benefit ratios is the most desirable? a) high/high b) low/low c) high/low d) low/high

(D- LOW/HIGH) You should explain to clients: a)that they can discontinue a treatment at any time b)all empirically and non-empirically based intervention options c)what you hope might happen, but cannot support with research d)none of the above

(A – THAT THEY CAN DISCONTINUE A TREATMENT AT ANY TIME) It may not be ethical to recommend the use of extinction for attention maintained head hitting. Why? a)Parents couldnt possibly withhold attention when head hitting occurs. b)The injury resulting from an extinction burst (risk) may not outweigh the benefit. c)Extinction means withholding the reinforcer. d)Any procedure that increases a behavior, though temporary, is wrong.

(B - THE INJURY RESULTING FROM AN EXTINCTION BURST [RISK] MAY NOT OUTWEIGH THE BENEFIT) Continuing education in the field of behavior analysis could include: a) attending professional conferences b) chatting over coffee with a psychologist friend c) reading a psychological thriller novel d) reading a friends doctoral dissertation

(A – ATTENDING PROFESSIONAL CONFERENCES) At a family party, your uncle introduces you to a potential client and refers to you as a clinical psychologist. You should: a) do nothing -- the person is not technically a client yet. b) correct your uncle in private so that the error doesnt occur in the future. c) immediately correct the error to your uncle and the potential client. d) pretend to be a psychologist for the day.

(C – IMMEDIATELY CORRECT THE ERROR TO YOUR UNCLE AND TO THE POTENTIAL CLIENT) When you have both a professional relationship (e.g., youre providing consultation services) and personal relationship (e.g., going on a date) with someone, it is considered: a) an unhealthy relationship. b) a HIPPA-violating relationship. c) a dual/multiple relationship. d) illegal.

(C - A DUAL/MULTIPLE RELATIONSHIP) An intervention that induces aggression (such as a punishment procedure) should only be proposed if: a) parents indicate they want to use the procedure. b) there is literature to support its use. c) the clinical director of your agency proposes it. d) less restrictive interventions have failed or are unavailable.

(D – LESS RESTRICTIVE INTERVENTIONS HAVE FAILED OR ARE UNAVAILABLE) Ethics refers to behavior, practices, and _______________ that address three basic and fundamental questions: 1.What is the right thing to do? 2.What is worth doing? 3.What does it mean to be a good behavior analyst?

(DECISIONS) A clients parent comes to you and says that his child has been eating non- food items (pica). You have never treated pica before, so its best that you: a) read some literature about pica. b) talk to a friend who has treated pica. c) refer the parent to someone who has experience with pica. d) do nothing – pica usually gets better without treatment.

(C - REFER THE PARENT TO SOMEONE WHO HAS EXPERIENCE WITH PICA) As a behavior analyst, you should modify a procedure when: a) it will lower the risk of harm. b) it will decrease the risk/benefit ratio. c) not doing anything is riskier. d) all of the above

(D – ALL OF THE ABOVE) Which of the following risk/benefit ratios is the least desirable? a) high/high b) low/low c) high/low d) low/high

(C – HIGH/LOW) A behavior analyst can provide services to anyone, as long as he/she: a) gets paid for the services. b) is directed by a regional center to provide the services. c) is competent to provide the services. d) has time available to treat the person.

(C – IS COMPETENT TO PROVIDE THEM) A client presents a problem that neither you, nor any other service provider knows how to deal with. You should: a) refer the client to someone with experience with the given problem. b) treat the client on the basis that it is an emergency. c) read some literature about the problem. d) ignore the problem in the hopes that it will go away.

(A - REFER THE CLIENT TO SOMEONE WITH EXPERIENCE WITH THE GIVEN PROBLEM) When evaluating a given intervention, a behavior analyst should modify the intervention if: a) the data trend shows behavior is improving. b) it will decrease the risk, but also decreases the benefit. c) it will lower the risk. d) your clinical director advises to do so.

(C – IT LOWERS THE RISK) Behavior analysts should not barter with clients because it is ____________________ and may leave the client open to _____________________. a) illegal -- mistreatment b) unattractive -- abuse c) frowned upon -- suggestion d) clinically contraindicated – exploitation

(D – CLINICALLY CONTRAINDICATED -- EXPLOITATION) You would be in a dual relationship if: a) you are in a personal and professional relationship with someone at the same time b) you hire someone to do two different jobs for you (e.g., painting and gardening) c) you do two separate jobs for someone (e.g., consultation and supervision) d) all of the above

(A - YOU ARE IN A PERSONAL AND PROFESSIONAL RELATIONSHIP WITH SOMEONE AT THE SAME TIME) Society attacks early, when the individual is helpless. - Walden Two (1948)