Vocabulaire 3.2 Français II

2 mood A mood is a set of verb forms used to indicate the speaker’s attitude toward the factuality or likelihood of the action or condition expressed. A mood is a set of verb forms used to indicate the speaker’s attitude toward the factuality or likelihood of the action or condition expressed.

3 mood (cont.) English and French are similar in that they share the following moods: English and French are similar in that they share the following moods: indicative (le présent and le passé composé) indicative (le présent and le passé composé) used for factual statements used for factual statements imperative imperative expresses a command expresses a command subjunctive (We’ll learn this in French III / IV.) subjunctive (We’ll learn this in French III / IV.) indicates doubt or unlikelihood indicates doubt or unlikelihood

4 le conditionnel English and French are different in that the French consider the conditionnel a mood. English and French are different in that the French consider the conditionnel a mood. Le conditionnel présent is often used in French to express politeness. Le conditionnel présent is often used in French to express politeness.

5 le conditionnel présent To form le conditionnel présent, use the infinitive of regular verbs. To form le conditionnel présent, use the infinitive of regular verbs. Add the endings from the imparfait. (You’ll learn more about this past tense later in French II.) Add the endings from the imparfait. (You’ll learn more about this past tense later in French II.) -ais-ions -ais-iez -ait-aient

6 skier au cond. présent Here’s the regular verb skier conjugated in the conditionnel présent: Here’s the regular verb skier conjugated in the conditionnel présent: skierais I would ski skierions we would ski skierais you would ski skieriez you would ski skierait (s)he would ski skieraient they would ski You pronounce the -er-.

7 Prononciation For the endings, -ais, -ait, and – aient are all pronounced like the “ey” in “hey.” For the endings, -ais, -ait, and – aient are all pronounced like the “ey” in “hey.” Pronounce –ions: [ee oh n ] and –iez [ee ay]. Pronounce –ions: [ee oh n ] and –iez [ee ay]. Here, skier- is pronounced [skee air]. Here, skier- is pronounced [skee air].

8 vouloir au cond. présent One verb that is used often in the conditionnel présent to express politeness is the verb vouloir: One verb that is used often in the conditionnel présent to express politeness is the verb vouloir: voudrais I would like voudrions we would like voudrais you would like voudriez you would like voudrait (s)he would like voudraient they would like

9 FYI To use irregular verbs in the condionnel présent, most of the time you have to... GASP!... memorize irregular stems. ARGH! To use irregular verbs in the condionnel présent, most of the time you have to... GASP!... memorize irregular stems. ARGH! The irregular stem for vouloir is voudr-. The irregular stem for vouloir is voudr-. The cool thing, though, is that these irregular stems work in both the conditionnel and in the futur tenses. The cool thing, though, is that these irregular stems work in both the conditionnel and in the futur tenses.

10 Je pourrais avoir ___, s’il vous plaît. May I have ___, please. May I have ___, please. Insert the following in the blank in the French sentence above: Insert the following in the blank in the French sentence above: une banane une banane de la tarte de la tarte du beurre du beurre des oranges des oranges pourr- is the irregular stem for the verb pouvoir in the cond. présent

11 Vous pourriez me passer ___? Could (would) you pass me ___? Could (would) you pass me ___? formal / plural formal / plural Here, me is an indirect object pronoun. Here, me is an indirect object pronoun. You could pass ___ to whom? You could pass ___ to whom? Whatever you are passing the person is the direct object. Whatever you are passing the person is the direct object. You could pass what to me? You could pass what to me?

12 Tu pourrais me passer ___? Could (would) you pass me ___? Could (would) you pass me ___? familiar familiar

13 Vous voulez ___? Do you want ___? Do you want ___? formal / plural formal / plural

14 Tu veux ___? Do you want ___? Do you want ___? familiar familiar

15 Encore ___? Some more ___? Some more ___? Remember to include a partitive article after encore if you are asking someone if (s)he would like a portion more of what you are offering. Remember to include a partitive article after encore if you are asking someone if (s)he would like a portion more of what you are offering. Encore du rôti de bœuf? Encore du rôti de bœuf?

16 Voilà. Here it is. Here it is.

17 Tenez. Here you are. Here you are. formal / plural formal / plural

18 Tiens. Here you are. Here you are. familiar familiar

19 Oui, je veux bien. Yes, I would. Yes, I would.

20 Merci, ça va. No thank you. I’ve had enough. No thank you. I’ve had enough.

21 Je n’ai plus faim / soif. I’m not hungry / thirsty any more. I’m not hungry / thirsty any more.

22 C’est vraiment bon. This is really good! This is really good!

23 C’était délicieux! That was delicious! That was delicious!

24 Ce n’est pas grand-chose. It’s nothing special. It’s nothing special.

25 Merci, c’est gentil! Thanks, that’s nice of you! Thanks, that’s nice of you!

26 la tartine bread, butter, jam bread, butter, jam

27 le café au lait coffee with milk coffee with milk

28 les céréales (f.) cereal cereal

29 le chocolat chaud hot chocolate hot chocolate

30 l’entrée (f.) first course first course Faites attention! This is what we call the main dish in the United States. Notice, though, that this noun comes from the verb entrer (to enter). Hmmm! Faites attention! This is what we call the main dish in the United States. Notice, though, that this noun comes from the verb entrer (to enter). Hmmm!

31 le plat principal main course main course

32 le dessert dessert dessert Pronounce: [day ssehr] Pronounce: [day ssehr]

33 vouloir = to wish; to want Révisons! (Let’s review.) Révisons! (Let’s review.) au présent au présent veux voulons veux voulez veut veulent

34 pouvoir = to be able; can Révisons! (Let’s review.) Révisons! (Let’s review.) au présent au présent peux pouvons peux pouvez peut peuvent

35 les articles partitifs Révisons! (Let’s review.) Révisons! (Let’s review.) some some Watch out for “Kat rule”! Watch out for “Kat rule”! SP M du (de l’) F de la (de l’) des

36 les articles indéfinis Révisons! (Let’s review.) Révisons! (Let’s review.) a, an, some (refers to whole items) a, an, some (refers to whole items) Watch out for “Kat rule”  d(e)! Watch out for “Kat rule”  d(e)! SP Mun Fune des

37 p. 71 Pay special attention to the blue Vocabulaire box on p. 71 to note differences between French and American meals. Pay special attention to the blue Vocabulaire box on p. 71 to note differences between French and American meals.

38 Meal differences French meals are planned to facilitate digestion. French meals are planned to facilitate digestion. entrée = wakes up palate entrée = wakes up palate plat principal = main part of the meal plat principal = main part of the meal salade = the acidic dressing helps digest the meat salade = the acidic dressing helps digest the meat fromages et fruits = follow the meal and contain enzymes that also aid digestion fromages et fruits = follow the meal and contain enzymes that also aid digestion