Access to Knowledge; New roles for universities and libraries Leo Waaijers Disciple of Eve eIFL Seminar OPEN ACCESS: EXPLORING SCHOLARLY COMMUNICATION June 23-24, 2008 Молдавской Экономической Академии, Chisinau, Moldavia

Berlin Declaration, October 2003 “Our mission of disseminating knowledge is only half complete if the information is not made widely and readily available to society.” European University Association, January 2008 “ Universities should develop institutional policies and strategies that foster the availability of their quality controlled research results for the broadest possible range of users, maximizing their visibility, accessibility and scientific impact.”

Classical library University Library Stacks Catalogue Circulation Disadvantages: 1.Very expensive 2.Limited clientele 3.Limited usage 4.People go to Google (Scholar) Main issue: Quality

Future library University Library OAI repository Metadata Usage metrics Advantages: 1.Cheaper 2.Unlimited clientele 3.Unlimited usage 4.People go to Google (Scholar) Main issue: Quality

Research life cycle

DARE 2003>06 Approved:14 June 2002 Name: DARE, Digital Academic Repositories Period: 1 Jan – 31 Dec Budget: M€ 5.9 Standards: OAI-PMH 2.0; Dublin Core Partners: All universities, KNAW, NWO and KB

Society Research Education Harvesters Virtual Learning Environments, Course Ware, Readers,... Institutional Repository TUDelft Chisinau..... CNRS MIT Subject repositories, refereed portals, databases, collaboratories, (Open Access) journals,... Institutional windows, expertise, professional journals, personal Web sites, national windows,... Two layers architecture ArXiv Oxford

Services end user services machine-man self-supporting demand driven scalable customized competition exploiting Content Grid infrastructure machine-machine public domain supply based international scale standards/SOA cooperation enabling Repository business model

Institutional Repository WUR Leiden..... CERN ArXiv 27 January 2004 DAREnet Nationwide (13 universities, KNAW, NWO) Initially publications (Today ) (OpenDOAR: OAI repositories)OpenDOAR 1-st milestone

10 May Idea Complete oeuvre of +10 top scientists per DARE participant 2-nd milestone Some figures 15 Institutions 207 authors (187 male, 20 female) records = 195/author (from 3 to 1224) full text = 58.7% (from 19% to 96% per institute) 25% copyright obstructed, 15% only metadata available at the moment, 2% lost

Idea OA publications (of which doctoral theses under the name Promise of Science ) to DAREnet Promise of Science and, what’s more, IRs are embedded in the local and national knowledge infrastructure Final milestone 31 December 2006 HunDAREd thousand

DAREnet

DARE projects subject based Agriculture Repositories News Exchange personal profiling tool research data archeology portal Africa studies portal library & information science annotation software veterinarian portal Legal awareness digital archiving data of river research research data educational research portal environmental reserach SCHOLAR(s) Economic Community gateway to Dutch scientific information HBO Knowledge Base Copyright in higher education DAREnet Promise of Science

Offspring LOREnet DRIVER SURFshare SU

Common Facilities Hive OAI - PMHIMS-CP SOAP - XML ARNO Intralibrary LOREnet portal BlackBoard TeleTop Learning environments Repositories …………………. IMP-CP compatible …………………… OIA-PMH compatible HTML LOREnet 23 December 2005 LOREnet

OAI-PMH; Het “Open Archives Initiative Protocol for Metadata Harvesting” (verder OAI-PMH) geeft een applicatie onafhankelijk raamwerk gebaseerd op metadata harvesting. Het onderkent twee hoofd categorieën: Data Providers beheren systeem welke OAI-PMH ondersteunen als export mechanisme voor metadata; Service Providers gebruiken de middels OAI-PMH geharveste metadata om diensten te leveren. IEEE-LOM; Voor een goede werking van het LOREnet zijn er afspraken nodig over het Learning Object Metadata (IEEE-LOM) gebruik. Deze zijn afgeleid van en afgestemd met Stichting Kennisnet en de Digitale Universiteit. IMS-CP; De Content Packaging (IMS-CP) afspraak zorgt ervoor dat de leerobjecten kunnen worden uitgewisseld tussen repositories en leeromgevingen. Het merendeel van de leeromgevingen is reeds instaat om leerobjecten volgens dit formaat te importeren. SRU/SRW; De SRU en SRW protocollen bieden een mogelijkheid tot informatie-uitwisseling tussen de zoekapplicatie en de metadata aanbiedende repository. Deze is wat betreft SRW gebaseerd op het SOAP protocol en XML en bij SRU alleen op XML. Standards in LOREnet

Critical success factors Growing institutional sense of societal accountability SURF type of organisation: national agent organizing common milestones, knowledge exchange, usage of standards and quality guidelines OAI-PMH 2 layer concept: public content infrastructure + demand driven content services Andiamo approach: ‘Paths open up because we follow them up’ Open international standards and protocols: TCP-IP, WWW, XML, OAI- PMH, (Qualified) DC, DOI, IEEE LOM, IMS-CP, DIDL, SOA. The DARE Chronicle: Open Access to Research Results and Teaching Material in the Netherlands - Leo Waaijers - October 2007

Action points for libraries 1.Sign Berlin Declaration (or any other manifesto) by universities, followed by open access policies 2.Set up institutional OAI repositories (preferably as national service) 3.Set up national OA community and OA project (common standards and deadlines) 4.Involve (top) scientists via awareness campaigns 5.Start today: Andiamo

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