Creative Writing for GCSE One of you is about to start telling a story, but only the first line. Each of you must add a line to the story to make it more exciting. Make sure you use lots of interesting adjectives, adverbs & varied vocabulary for the full effect! The story will be called…

Objectives All of you will understand the four main functions of sentences. Most of you will be able to identify the four main sentence types. Some of you will able to analyse the effect of sentence functions in literature.

Learning Check Can you name the four different types of sentence function?

Sentence Functions Use the following clues to see if you can work out what the following sentence functions are: Declarative – from the stem ‘declare’ Exclamatory – ‘ex’ prefix + out; ‘clamare’ = cry, shout, call out. Interrogative – from the same stem as ‘interrogate’. Imperative – from form of ‘in’ (‘in’ / ‘into’) (and ‘parare’ – to ‘bear’ or ‘beget’.

Sentence Functions 1 Declarative sentences state an idea. They end with a full stop. For example: It’s time to go to bed. The problem with thinking is that it makes your brain hurt. Now write your own!

Sentence Functions 2 Exclamatory sentences show strong emotions. They end with an exclamation mark. For example: What a mess this room is! The cake is ruined! Now write your own!

Sentence Function 3 Interrogative sentences ask a question. As you would expect, they end with a question mark. For instance: Why do you keep on talking? When are you going to give me some sweeties? Now write your own!

Sentence Function 4 Imperative sentences give orders or directions, and so end with a full stop or an exclamation mark. For instance: Sit down and listen! Fasten your seatbelts when the sign is illuminated. Now write your own!

Learning Check On your whiteboards or in your books, write down an example of one of the four sentence types – don’t let anyone else see! Now read out your sentence. Can the rest of the class guess which kind of sentence it is?

Read In pairs, read through the famous speech by Martin Luther King. Highlight / underline and label as many of the different sentences functions as you can.

Think, Share, Pair, Square What is the effect of the different sentence functions that are used? What other linguistic devices can you spot?

Analyse Draw a table like the one on the next slide in your book. Pick out some examples of the different sentence functions from the text and explain the effect of each. The first one is done for you.

Sentence Function Quote Point Declarative “We can never be satisfied…” The repetition of this declarative phrase & the use of the first person plural, “we”, encourages a sense of united identity and a tone of determination; it makes the speaker’s intentions appear convincing.

Extension Write a PEE paragraph, analysing the effect of the sentence structures and rhetorical devices in the speech by Martin Luther King.

Learning Check On your whiteboards, list down the four different sentence functions with their definitions.

Homework Complete the sheet on speech writing for next lesson. Next lesson you will be writing your own speech in preparation for an S&L assessment!