Teaching Science to Every Child: Using Culture as a Starting Point ©Routledge/Taylor & Francis 2012 Chapter 4 More Basic Science Process Skills: Measure, Predict, & Communicate ©Routledge/Taylor & Francis 2012

Chapter 4 Topics Measuring as a Basic Science Process SkillPredicting as a Forecast of Future EventsCommunicating: Sharing Information from Process SkillsJoint Production of UnderstandingProcess Skills and Science StandardsExperiencing Scientific Worldview: Pendulum Activity ©Routledge/Taylor & Francis 2012

Measuring: Extending the Senses Measures are Quantitative Observations but Not Just CountsComparing to Standardized Tools: Ruler, Scale, ThermometerMeasuring Tools will Reduce Bias with the Standardized ToolProficiency with Measuring will Occur with Lots of PracticeEmphasize the Need for Units, Not Just Numbers ©Routledge/Taylor & Francis 2012

Predicting: Anticipating Future Predicting to Test our Ideas about Patterns in NatureGuesses do not use Data. Predictions Start with ObservationsIt is Vital to Test Predictions to Check on their AccuracyPredictions that Prove to be Wrong can be Informative ©Routledge/Taylor & Francis 2012

Communicating: Process Skills become Text, Pictures, and Info Communicating is the Sixth and Last Basic Process Skill Not Just Drawings and Words; Must Share Science Ideas Sharing Information about Observing, Inferring, Classifying, Measuring, and/or Predicting Through Communicating Science Skills Becomes Stronger ©Routledge/Taylor & Francis 2012

Joint Production of Understanding Five Principles of Effective Pedagogy (Dalton)The First Principle is for Teachers to Work Alongside Students Working on Same Science ActivityApprenticeship in Doing ScienceTeacher is Active Member of CommunityIn the “Doing” Teacher Models Good PracticesOpportunity to Support Language Development ©Routledge/Taylor & Francis 2012

Process Skills in the Standards Process Skills have LimitsConcerns about being “Out of Context”Old Science Curriculum did JUST SkillsRecognize Need to Combine Skills with ContentEncourages Curiosity and its Pursuit ©Routledge/Taylor & Francis 2012

Scientific Worldview via Using Basic Science Process Skills Pendulum: Weight + String. Needs a Steady Pivot Point. One Swing = One Roundtrip (out and back is 1 swing) Observe Pendulum’s Swinging over Fifteen Seconds Predict its Behavior if You Change the String Length or the Weight In Addition to Using all Basic Process Skills, Consider the Habits of Mind ©Routledge/Taylor & Francis 2012

Chapter 4 Summary Quantitative Observations against a Standard: MeasuringStatement about the Future Based on Past: PredictingCommunicating: Counts as Science if Process Skills UsedFirst Principle of Effective Pedagogy: Jointly InvestigatingScience Standards Prefer Science Content with Process SkillsPendulum Activity as Example of a Scientific Worldview ©Routledge/Taylor & Francis 2012