Comparison Comparative

Index Usage …………………………………………………………3 Form/Examples …………………………………………..4 Irregular Comparisons ………………………………..6 Exercises …………………………………………………….7 Bibliography ………………………………………………12

Usage A «comparison» is used when it is necessary to consider people or things in order to see how similar or how different they are. So a «comparison» is an act of comparing always two things.

How is it formed ? Superiority Number of syllables Form Example The comparative of superiority is used in sentences with THAN, but sometimes THAN is omitted. Superiority Number of syllables Form Example One + er Tall > taller With the spelling Consonant + single vowel + consonant Fat >fatter Double the final consonant Two Ending in –y; -ly; -ow Ending in –le; -er; ure Or More + adj. Happy >happier/more happy Yellow > yellower/more yellow Simple > simpler/more simple Tender > tender/more tender Two syllables or more Intelligent > more intelligent

Inferiority Equality Form Example Form Example Less + adjective + than Days are less warm in January than in May. Not so + adjective + as Days are not so warm in January as in May Form Example as + adjective + as Jack is as tall as his brother

Irregular comparisons A few English comparatives do not follow the usual pattern. Here is a list of common exceptions. Positive Comparative Bad Worse Badly Far (distance) Farther Far (extent) Further Good Better Ill Positive Comparative Late Later Less Lesser Little (amount) Many More Much Well Better

Exercises www.better-english.com/grammar/comparatives.htm Joe is ______ than Ed. (short) 1. superiority Joe is shorter than Ed Joe is ______ than Al. (thin) Joe is thinner than All Al is _______ than Joe. (heavy) All is heavier than Joe Joe is ______ than Ed. (happy) Joe is happier than Ed Joe is ______ than Ed. (energetic) Joe is more energetic than Ed.

Exercises This shirt is ________ (expensive) than the other. 2. inferiority This shirt is less expensive (expensive) than the other He is _________ (problematic) than his brother. He is less problematic (problematic) than his brother. Alice is __________ (intelligent) as I thought she was. Alice is not so intelligent (intelligent) as I thought she was. 3. Rewrite the sentences using the equality comparative . Helen is nice. Sandra is nice. ____________________________________________ Helen is as nice as Sandra My English teacher is clever. My history teacher is clever. _____________________ My English teacher is as clever as my history teacher.

Exercises 4. Complete using the right form. Anne is _________ (smart) as her sister. Less smart b) not so smart Michael is __________ (strong) than his friend Jordan. Less strong b) not so strong My father is __________ (brave) as the unknown soldier. a) Not so brave b) less brave

Exercises irregular adjectives Well _____ Ill _____ Less _____ Much _____ Bad _____ Good _____ Late _____ Better Worse Lesser More Later

Bibliography www.better-english.com www.english-zone.com www.edufind.com

Trabalho elaborado por: 11º C1 Ana Cristina, nº 1 Sónia Valente, nº 16